<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" lang="en-US"><!-- $Id: Documentation.html,v 2.205.2.21.2.5 2006/08/22 17:00:29 lem9 Exp $ --><!--vim: expandtab ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 tw=78--><head><link rel="icon" href="./favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /><link rel="shortcut icon" href="./favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /><title>phpMyAdmin 2.8.2.4 - Documentation</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docs.css" /></head><body><a name="top"></a><br /><div class="header"><hr noshade="noshade" width="100%" /><a href="#top">Top</a> - <a href="#require">Requirements</a> - <a href="#intro">Introduction</a> - <a href="#setup">Installation</a> - <a href="#setup_script">Setup script</a> - <a href="#config">Configuration</a><br /><a href="#transformations">Transformations</a> - <a href="#faq">FAQ</a> - <a href="#developers">Developers</a> - <a href="#credits">Credits</a> - <a href="translators.html">Translators</a><hr noshade="noshade" width="100%" /></div><h1>phpMyAdmin 2.8.2.4 Documentation</h1><!-- TOP MENU --><ul><li><a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/">SourceForge phpMyAdmin project page [ http://www.phpmyadmin.net/ ]</a></li><li>Local documents:<ul><li>Version history: <a href="changelog.php">ChangeLog</a></li><li>General notes: <a href="readme.php">README</a></li><li>License: <a href="license.php">LICENSE</a></li></ul></li><li>Documentation version:<i>$Id: Documentation.html,v 2.205.2.21.2.5 2006/08/22 17:00:29 lem9 Exp $</i></li></ul><!-- REQUIREMENTS --><a name="require"></a><br /><h2>Requirements</h2><ul><li><b>PHP</b><ul><li>You need PHP 4.1.0 or newer, with <tt>session</tt> support (<a href="#faq1_31">*</a>)</li><li>You need GD2 support in PHP to display inlinethumbnails of JPEGs ("image/jpeg: inline") with theiroriginal aspect ratio</li><li>You need PHP 4.3.0 or newer to use the"text/plain: external" MIME-based transformation</li></ul></li><li><b>MySQL</b> 3.23.32 or newer (<a href="#faqmysqlversions">details</a>);</li><li>Not really a requirement but a <b>strong suggestion</b>:if you are usingthe "cookie" authentication method, having the <tt>mcrypt</tt>PHP extension on your web server accelerates not only the loginphase but every other action that you do in phpMyAdmin.</li><li><b>Web browser</b> with cookies enabled.</li></ul><!-- INTRODUCTION --><a name="intro"></a><br /><h2>Introduction</h2><p>phpMyAdmin can manage a whole MySQL server (needs a super-user) as well asa single database. To accomplish the latter you'll need a properly set upMySQL user who can read/write only the desired database. It's up to you tolook up the appropriate part in the MySQL manual.<br />Currently phpMyAdmin can:</p><ul><li>easily browse through databases and tables</li><li>create, copy, rename, alter and drop databases</li><li>create, copy, rename, alter and drop tables</li><li>do table maintenance</li><li>add, edit and drop fields</li><li>execute any SQL-statement, even multiple queries</li><li>create, alter and drop indexes</li><li>load text files into tables</li><li>create (*) and read dumps of tables or databases</li><li>export (*) data to SQL, CSV, XML, Word, Excel, PDF and Latex formats</li><li>administer multiple servers</li><li>manage MySQL users and privileges</li><li>check server settings and runtime information with configurationhints</li><li>check referential integrity in MyISAM tables</li><li>using Query-by-example (QBE), create complex queries automatically connecting required tables</li><li>create PDF graphics of your Database layout</li><li>search globally in a database or a subset of it</li><li>transform stored data into any format using a set of predefined functions,like displaying BLOB-data as image or download-link</li><li>support InnoDB tables and foreign keys <a href="#faq3_6">(see FAQ 3.6)</a></li><li>support mysqli, the improved MySQL extension <a href="#faqmysqlversions">(see FAQ 1.17)</a></li><li>communicate in<a href="./translators.html">50 different languages</a></li></ul><h4>A word about users:</h4><p> Many people have difficultyunderstanding the concept of user management with regards to phpMyAdmin. Whena user logs in to phpMyAdmin, that username and password are passed directlyto MySQL. phpMyAdmin does no account management on its own (other thanallowing one to manipulate the MySQL user account information); all usersmust be valid MySQL users.</p><p class="footnote" id="footnote_1"><sup>1)</sup> phpMyAdmin can compress (Zip, GZip -RFC 1952- or Bzip2 formats)dumps and <abbr title="comma seperated values">CSV</abbr> exports if you usePHP with Zlib support (<tt>--with-zlib</tt>) and/or Bzip2 support(<tt>--with-bz2</tt>). Proper support may also need changes in<tt>php.ini</tt>.</p><!-- INSTALLATION --><a name="setup"></a><br /><h2>Installation</h2><p><span class="important">NOTE: phpMyAdmin does not apply any special securitymethods to the MySQL database server. It is still the system administrator's job togrant permissions on the MySQL databases properly. </span>phpMyAdmin's"Privileges" page can be used for this.</p><p><span class="important">Warning for Mac users:</span>if you are on a MacOSversion before OS X, StuffIt unstuffs with Mac formats.<br />So you'll have to resave as in BBEdit to Unix style ALL phpMyAdmin scriptsbefore uploading them to your server, as PHP seems not to like Mac-styleend of lines character ("<tt>\r</tt>").</p><h3>Quick Install</h3><ol><li> Untar or unzip the distribution (be sure to unzip the subdirectories):<tt>tar -xzvf phpMyAdmin_x.x.x.tar.gz</tt> in your webserver'sdocument root. If you don't have direct access to your document root,put the files in a directory on your local machine, and, after step 3,transfer the directory on your web server using, for example, ftp.</li><li> Ensure that all the scripts have the appropriate owner (if PHP isrunning in safe mode, having some scripts with an owner differentfrom the owner of other scripts will be aproblem). See <a href="#faq4_2">FAQ 4.2</a> and<a href="#faq1_26">FAQ 1.26</a> for suggestions.</li><li>Now you must configure your installation. There are two methods thatcan be used. Traditionally, users have hand-edited a copy ofconfig.inc.php, but now a wizard-style setup script is provided forthose who prefer a graphical installation. Creating a config.inc.php isstill a quick way to get started and needed for some advanced features.<ul><li>To manually create the file, simply use your text editor tocreate the file <tt>config.inc.php</tt> in the main (top-level)phpMyAdmin directory (the one that contains <tt>index.php</tt>).phpMyAdmin first loads <tt>libraries/config.default.php</tt>and then overrides those values with anything found in<tt>config.inc.php</tt>. If the default value is okay for a particularsetting, there is no need to include it in <tt>config.inc.php</tt>.You'll need a few directives to get going, a simple configurationmay look like this:<pre><?php$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'ba17c1ec07d65003'; // use here a value of your choice$i=0;$i++;$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';?></pre>Or, if you prefer to not be prompted every time you log in:<pre><?php$i=0;$i++;$cfg['Servers'][$i]['user'] = 'root';$cfg['Servers'][$i]['password'] = 'cbb74bc'; // use here your password?></pre>For a full explanation of possible configuration values, see the<a href="#config">Configuration Section</a> of this document.</li><li id="setup_script">Instead of manually editing<tt>config.inc.php</tt>, you can use the<a href="scripts/setup.php">Setup Script</a>. First you mustmanually create a folder <tt>config</tt> in the phpMyAdmindirectory. This is a security measure. On a Linux/Unix system youcan use the following commands:<pre>cd phpMyAdminmkdir config # create directory for savingchmod o+rw config # give it world writable permissions</pre>And to edit an existing configuration, copy it over first:<pre>cp config.inc.php config/ # copy current configuration for editingchmod o+w config/config.inc.php # give it world writable permissions</pre>On other platforms, simply create the folder and ensure that yourweb server has read and write access to it. <a href="#faq1_26">FAQ1.26</a> can help with this.<br /><br />Next, open <tt><a href="scripts/setup.php">scripts/setup.php</a></tt>in your browser. Note that <strong>changes are not saved todisk until explicitly choose <tt>Save</tt></strong> from the<i>Configuration</i> area of the screen. Normally the script savesthe new config.inc.php to the <tt>config/</tt> directory, but ifthe webserver does not have the proper permissions you may see theerror "Cannot load or save configuration." Ensure that the <tt>config/</tt> directory exists and has the proper permissions -or use the <tt>Download</tt> link to save the config file locallyand upload (via FTP or some similar means) to the proper location.<br /><br />Once the file has been saved, it must be moved out of the <tt>config/</tt> directory and the permissions must be reset, againas a security measure:<pre>mv config/config.inc.php . # move file to current directorychmod o-rw config.inc.php # remove world read and write permissions</pre>Now the file is ready to be used. You can choose to review or editthe file with your favorite editor, if you prefer to set someadvanced options which the setup script does not provide.</li></ul></li><li> If you are using the<tt>auth_type</tt> configuration directive, it is suggested that you protect the phpMyAdmininstallation directory, for example with HTTP–AUTH in a<i>.htaccess</i> file. See the <a href="#faqmultiuser">multi–user sub–section</a> of this FAQ for additionalinformation, especially <a href="#faq4_4">FAQ 4.4</a>.</li><li>Open the <a href="index.php">main phpMyAdmin directory</a>in your browser. phpMyAdmin should now display a welcome screenand your databases, or a login dialog if using<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or cookieauthentication mode.</li><li> You should deny access to the <tt>libraries</tt> subfolder in your webserverconfiguration. For Apache you can use supplied .htaccess file in thatfolder, for other webservers, you should configure this yourself.Such configuration prevents from possible path exposure and crossside scripting vulnerabilities that might happen to be found in thatcode.</li></ol><a name="linked-tables"></a><h3>Linked-tables infrastructure</h3><p>For a whole set of new features (bookmarks, comments, SQL-history,PDF-generation, field contents transformation, etc.)you need to create a set of special tables. Those tables can be locatedin your own database, or in a central database for a multi-userinstallation (this database would then be accessed by the controluser,so no other user should have rights to it).<br /> <br />Please look at your scripts/directory, where you should find a file called <i>create_tables.sql</i>.(If you are using a Windows server, pay special attention to <a href="#faq1_23">FAQ 1.23</a>).<br /> <br />If your MySQL server's version is 4.1.2 or later, please use<i>create_tables_mysql_4_1_2+.sql</i> instead, for a new installation.<br /> <br />If you already had this infrastructure and upgraded to MySQL 4.1.2or later, please use <i>upgrade_tables_mysql_4_1_2+.sql</i>.<br /> <br />You can use your phpMyAdmin to create the tables for you. Please beaware that you may need special (administrator) privileges to createthe database and tables, and that the script may need some tuning,depending on the database name.<br /> <br />After having imported the <i>create_tables.sql</i> file,you should specify the table names in your <i>config.inc.php</i> file. The directivesused for that can be found in the <a href="#config">Configuration section</a>.You will also need to have a controluser with the proper rights tothose tables (see section <i>Using authentication modes</i> below).</p><h3>Upgrading from an older version</h3><p> Simply copy <i>./config.inc.php</i> from your previous installation into the newlyunpacked one. Configuration files from very old versions (2.3.0 or older) mayrequire some tweaking as some options have been changed or removed.</p><p> You should <strong>not</strong> copy <tt>libraries/config.default.php</tt>over <tt>config.inc.php</tt> because the default configuration fileis version-specific.</p><p> If you have upgraded your MySQL server from a version older than 4.1.2 toversion 4.1.2 or newer and if you use the pmadb/linked table infrastructure,you should run the SQL script found in<tt>scripts/upgrade_tables_mysql_4_1_2+.sql</tt>.</p><h3>Using authentication modes</h3><ul><li>HTTP and cookie authentication modes are recommended in a <b>multi-userenvironment</b> where you want to give users access to their owndatabase and don't want them to play around with others.<br />Nevertheless be aware that MS Internet Explorer seems to be reallybuggy about cookies, at least till version 6. And PHP 4.1.1 is also abit buggy in this area!<br />Even in a <b>single-user environment</b>, you might prefer to useHTTP or cookie mode so that your user/password pair are not in clearin the configuration file.<br /><br /></li><li>HTTP and cookie authentication modes are more secure: the MySQLlogin information does not need to be set in the phpMyAdminconfiguration file(except possibly for the <a href="#controluser">controluser</a>).<br />However, keep in mind that the password travels in plain text, unlessyou are using the HTTPS protocol.<br />In cookie mode, the password is stored, encrypted with the blowfishalgorithm, in a temporary cookie.<br /><br /></li><li>Note: starting with phpMyAdmin 2.6.1, this section is only applicable ifyour MySQL server is older than 4.1.2,or is running with <tt>--skip-show-database</tt>.<br /><br />For 'HTTP' and 'cookie' modes, phpMyAdmin needs a controluser that has<b>only</b> the <tt>SELECT</tt> privilege on the <i>mysql.user (allcolumns except "Password")</i>, <i>mysql.db (allcolumns)</i>, <i>mysql.host (all columns)</i> and<i>mysql.tables_priv (all columns except"Grantor" & "Timestamp") </i>tables.<br /> Youmust specify the details for the <a href="#controluser">controluser</a>in the <i>config.inc.php</i> file under the<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']</tt>&<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']</tt> settings.<br /> Thefollowing example assumes you want to use <tt>pma</tt> as thecontroluser and <tt>pmapass</tt> as the controlpass, but <b>this isonly an example: use something else in your file!</b><br /> Of courseyou have to replace <tt>localhost</tt> by the webserver's host if it'snot the same as the MySQL server's one.<pre>GRANT USAGE ON mysql.* TO 'pma'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'pmapass';GRANT SELECT (Host, User, Select_priv, Insert_priv, Update_priv, Delete_priv,Create_priv, Drop_priv, Reload_priv, Shutdown_priv, Process_priv,File_priv, Grant_priv, References_priv, Index_priv, Alter_priv,Show_db_priv, Super_priv, Create_tmp_table_priv, Lock_tables_priv,Execute_priv, Repl_slave_priv, Repl_client_priv) ON mysql.user TO 'pma'@'localhost';GRANT SELECT ON mysql.db TO 'pma'@'localhost';GRANT SELECT ON mysql.host TO 'pma'@'localhost';GRANT SELECT (Host, Db, User, Table_name, Table_priv, Column_priv)ON mysql.tables_priv TO 'pma'@'localhost';</pre>If you are using an old MySQL version (below 4.0.2), please replacethe first GRANT SELECT query by this one:<pre>GRANT SELECT (Host, User, Select_priv, Insert_priv, Update_priv, Delete_priv,Create_priv, Drop_priv, Reload_priv, Shutdown_priv, Process_priv,File_priv, Grant_priv, References_priv, Index_priv, Alter_priv) ON mysql.user TO 'pma'@'localhost';</pre>... and if you want to use the many new relation and bookmarkfeatures:<pre>GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON <pma_db>.* TO 'pma'@'localhost';</pre>(this of course requires that your <a href="#linked-tables">linked-tables infrastructure</a> be set up).<br />Of course, the above queries only work if your MySQL version supportsthe GRANT command. This is the case since 3.22.11.</li><li>Then each of the <i>true</i> users should be granted a set ofprivileges on a set of particular databases. Normally you shouldn'tgive global privileges to an ordinary user, unless you understandthe impact of those privileges (for example, you are creatinga superuser).<br />For example, to grant the user <i>real_user</i> withall privileges on the database <i>user_base</i>:<br /> <tt>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON user_base.* TO 'real_user'@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'real_password';</tt><br />What the user may now do is controlled entirely by the MySQL usermanagement system.<br />With HTTP or cookie authentication mode, you don't need to fill theuser/password fields inside the <tt>$cfg['Servers']</tt> array.<br /></li></ul><h4>'http' authentication mode</h4><ul><li>Was called 'advanced' in versions before 2.2.3.</li><li>Introduced in 1.3.0, it uses Basic HTTP authentication method andallows you to login as any valid MySQL user.</li><li>Is supported with most PHP configurations. For IIS (ISAPI) supportusing CGI PHP see <a href="#faq1_32">FAQ 1.32</a>, for using withApache CGI see <a href="#faq1_35">FAQ 1.35</a>.</li><li>See also <a href="#faq4_4">FAQ 4.4</a> about not using the<i>.htaccess</i> mechanism along with 'http' authentication mode.</li></ul><h4>'cookie' authentication mode</h4><ul><li>You can use this method as a replacement for the HTTPauthentication (for example, if you're running IIS).</li><li>Obviously, the user must enable cookies in the browser.</li><li>With this mode, the user can truly logout of phpMyAdmin and login backwith the same username.</li><li>If you want to login to arbitrary server see<tt><a href="#AllowArbitraryServer">$cfg['AllowArbitraryServer']</a></tt> directive.</li><li>As mentioned in the <a href="#require">requirements</a> section, having the<tt>mcrypt</tt> extension will speed up access considerably, but is not required.</li></ul><h4>'config' authentication mode</h4><ul><li>This mode is the less secure one because it requires you to fill the<tt><a href="#servers_user">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['user']</a></tt> and<tt><a href="#servers_user">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['password']</a></tt> fields(and as a result, anyone who can read your config.inc.php can discover yourusername and password).<br />But you don't need to setup a "controluser" here:using the <tt><a href="#servers_only_db">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['only_db']</a></tt> might be enough.</li><li>In the <a href="#faqmultiuser">ISP FAQ</a> section, there is an entry explaining how to protectyour configuration file.<br /></li><li>For additional security in this mode, you may wish to consider theHost authentication <tt><a href="#servers_allowdeny_order">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order']</a></tt>and <tt><a href="#servers_allowdeny_rules">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']</a></tt> configurationdirectives.</li></ul><!-- CONFIGURATION --><a name="config"></a><br /><h2>Configuration</h2><p><span class="important">Warning for Mac users:</span> PHP does not seem to likeMac end of lines character ("<tt>\r</tt>"). So ensure you choosethe option that allows to use the *nix end of line character("<tt>\n</tt>") in your text editor before saving a scriptyou have modified.</p><p><span class="important">Configuration note:</span>Almost all configurable data is placed in <tt>config.inc.php</tt>. If this filedoes not exist, please refer to the <a href="#setup">Quick install</a>section to create one. This file only needs to contain the parameters you want tochange from their corresponding default value in<tt>libraries/config.default.php</tt>.<br /><br />The parameters which relate to design (like colors)are placed in <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>. Youmight also want to create <i>config.footer.inc.php</i> and<i>config.header.inc.php</i> files to add your site specific code to beincluded on start and end of each page.</p><dl><dt><b><a name="cfg_PmaAbsoluteUri"></a>$cfg[PmaAbsoluteUri]</b> string</dt><dd>Sets here the complete URL (with full path) to your phpMyAdmininstallation's directory.E.g. <tt>http://www.your_web.net/path_to_your_phpMyAdmin_directory/</tt>.Note also that the URL on some web servers are case–sensitive.Don’t forget the trailing slash at the end.<br /><br />Starting with version 2.3.0, it is advisable to try leaving thisblank. In most cases phpMyAdmin automatically detects the propersetting. Users of port forwarding will need to set PmaAbsoluteUri (<ahref="https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=1340187&group_id=23067&atid=377409">more info</a>).A good test is to browse a table, edit a row and save it. There shouldbe an error message if phpMyAdmin is having trouble auto–detecting the correct value. If you get an error that this must be set or ifthe autodetect code fails to detect your path, please post a bugreport on our bug tracker so we can improve the code.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_PmaNoRelation_DisableWarning"></a>$cfg[PmaNoRelation_DisableWarning]</b> boolean</dt><dd>Starting with version 2.3.0 phpMyAdmin offers a lot of features to workwith master / foreign - tables (see<a href="#pmadb">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb']</a>).<br />If you tried to set this up and it does not work for you, have a look onthe "Structure" page of one database where you would like touse it. You will find a link that will analyze why those features havebeen disabled.<br />If you do not want to use those features set this variable to<tt>TRUE</tt> to stop this message from appearing.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_blowfish_secret"></a>$cfg[blowfish_secret]</b> string</dt><dd>Starting with version 2.5.2, the 'cookie' auth_type uses blowfishalgorithm to encrypt the password.<br />If you are using the 'cookie' auth_type, enter here a randompassphrase of your choice. It will be used internally by the blowfishalgorithm: you won't be prompted for this passphrase. The maximumnumber of characters for this parameter seems to be 46.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers"></a>$cfg[Servers]</b> array</dt><dd>Since version 1.4.2, phpMyAdmin supports the administration of multipleMySQL servers.Therefore, a $cfg['Servers']-array has been added which containsthe login information for the different servers. The first<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host']</tt> contains the hostname of the firstserver, the second <tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host']</tt> the hostname ofthe second server, etc.In <tt>libraries/config.default.php</tt>, there is only one sectionfor server definition, however you can put as many as you need in<tt>config.inc.php</tt>, copy that block or needed parts (you don'thave to define all settings, just those you need to change).</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_host"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host']</b> string</dt><dd>The hostname or IP address of your $i-th MySQL-server. E.g. localhost.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_port"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['port']</b> string</dt><dd>The port-number of your $i-th MySQL-server. Default is 3306 (leaveblank). If you use "localhost" as the hostname, MySQLignores this port number and connects with the socket, so if you wantto connect to a port different from the default port, use"127.0.0.1" or the real hostname in$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'].</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_socket"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['socket']</b> string</dt><dd>The path to the socket to use. Leave blank for default.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_connect_type"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['connect_type']</b> string</dt><dd>What type connection to use with the MySQL server. Your options are<tt>'socket'</tt> & <tt>'tcp'</tt>. It defaults to 'tcp' as thatis nearly guaranteed to be available on all MySQL servers, whilesockets are not supported on some platforms.<br /><br />To use the socket mode, your MySQL server must be on the same machineas the Web server.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_extension"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension']</b> string</dt><dd>What php MySQL extension to use for the connection. Valid options are:<br /><br /><tt><i>mysql</i></tt> : The classic MySQL extension. This is the recommended and defaultmethod at this time.<br /><br /><tt><i>mysqli</i></tt> : The improved MySQL extension. This extension became availablewith php 5.0.0 and is the recommended way to connect to a serverrunning MySQL 4.1.x.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_compress"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['compress']</b> boolean</dt><dd>Whether to use a compressed protocol for the MySQL server connectionor not (experimental).<br />This feature requires PHP >= 4.3.0.</dd><dt><a name="controluser"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_controluser"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']</b> string<br /><b><a name="cfg_Servers_controlpass"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']</b> string</dt><dd>This special account is used for 2 distinct purposes: to make possibleall relational features(see <a href="#pmadb">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb']</a>) and, for aMySQL server older than 4.1.2 or running with<tt>--skip-show-database</tt>, to enable a multi-user installation(http or cookie authentication mode).<br /><br />When using HTTP or cookie authentication modes (or 'config'authentication mode since phpMyAdmin 2.2.1), you need to supply thedetails of a MySQL account that has <tt>SELECT</tt> privilege on the<i>mysql.user (all columns except "Password")</i>,<i>mysql.db (all columns)</i> & <i>mysql.tables_priv (all columnsexcept "Grantor" & "Timestamp") </i>tables.This account is used to check what databases the user will see atlogin.<br />Please see the <a href="#setup">install section</a> on"Using authentication modes" for more information.<br /><br />In phpMyAdmin versions before 2.2.5, those were called"stduser/stdpass".</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_auth_type"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type']</b> string<tt>['http'|'cookie'|'config']</tt></dt><dd>Whether config or cookie or http authentication should be used for thisserver.<ul><li>'config' authentication(<tt>$auth_type = 'config'</tt>) is the plain oldway: username and password are stored in<i>config.inc.php</i>.</li><li>'cookie' authentication mode(<tt>$auth_type = 'cookie'</tt>) as introduced in2.2.3 allows you to log in as any valid MySQL user with thehelp of cookies. Username and password are stored incookies during the session and password is deleted when itends. This can also allow you to login in arbitrary server if<tt><a href="#AllowArbitraryServer">$cfg['AllowArbitraryServer']</a></tt> enabled.</li><li>'http' authentication (was called 'advanced' in older versions)(<tt>$auth_type = 'http'</tt>) as introduced in 1.3.0allows you to log in as any valid MySQL user via HTTP-Auth.</li></ul><br />Please see the <a href="#setup">install section</a> on "Using authentication modes"for more information.</dd><dt><a name="servers_user"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_user"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['user']</b> string<br /><b><a name="cfg_Servers_password"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['password']</b> string</dt><dd>When using auth_type = 'config', this is the user/password-pairwhich phpMyAdmin will use to connect to theMySQL server. This user/password pair is not needed when HTTP orcookie authentication is used and should be empty.</dd><dt><a name="servers_only_db"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_only_db"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['only_db']</b> string or array</dt><dd>If set to a (an array of) database name(s), only this (these) database(s)will be shown to the user. Since phpMyAdmin 2.2.1, this/thesedatabase(s) name(s) may contain MySQL wildcards characters("_" and "%"): if you want to use literal instancesof these characters, escape them (I.E. use <tt>'my\_db'</tt> and not<tt>'my_db'</tt>).<br />This setting is an efficient way to lower the server load since thelatter does not need to send MySQL requests to build the availabledatabase list. But <span class="important">it does not replace theprivileges rules of the MySQL database server</span>. If set, it justmeans only these databases will be displayed but<span class="important">not that all other databases can't be used.</span><br /><br />An example of using more that one database:<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['only_db'] = array('db1', 'db2'); </tt><br /><br />As of phpMyAdmin 2.5.5 the order inside the array is used for sorting thedatabases in the left frame, so that you can individually arrange your databases.<br />If you want to have certain databases at the top, but don't care about the others, you do notneed to specify all other databases. Use:<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['only_db'] = array('db3', 'db4', '*');</tt>instead to tell phpMyAdmin that it should display db3 and db4 on top, and the rest in alphabeticorder.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_hide_db"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['hide_db']</b> string</dt><dd>Regular expression for hiding some databases. This only hides themfrom listing, but user is still able to access them.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_verbose"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose']</b> string</dt><dd>Only useful when using phpMyAdmin with multiple server entries. If set,this string will be displayed instead of the hostname in the pull-downmenu on the main page. This can be useful if you want to show onlycertain databases on your system, for example.</dd><dt><a name="pmadb"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_pmadb"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb']</b> string</dt><dd>The name of the database containing the linked-tables infrastructure.<br /><br />See the <a href="#linked-tables">Linked-tables infrastructure</a>section in this document to see the benefits of this infrastructure,and for a quick way of creating this database and the needed tables.<br /><br />If you are the only user of this phpMyAdmin installation, you canuse your current database to store those special tables; in thiscase, just put your current database name in<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb']</tt>. For a multi-user installation,set this parameter to the name of your central database containingthe linked-tables infrastructure.</dd><dt><a name="bookmark"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_bookmarktable"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['bookmarktable']</b> string</dt><dd>Since release 2.2.0 phpMyAdmin allows to bookmark queries. This can beuseful for queries you often run.<br /><br />To allow the usage of this functionality:<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables infrastructure</li><li>enter the table name in<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['bookmarktable']</tt></li></ul></dd><dt><a name="relation"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_relation"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['relation']</b> string</dt><dd>Since release 2.2.4 you can describe, in a special 'relation' table,which field is a key in another table (a foreign key). phpMyAdmincurrently uses this to<ul><li>make clickable, when you browse the master table, the data valuesthat point to the foreign table;</li><li>display in an optional tool-tip the "display field"when browsing the master table, if you move the mouse to a columncontaining a foreign key (use also the 'table_info' table);<br />(see <a href="#faqdisplay">FAQ 6.7</a>)</li><li>in edit/insert mode, display a drop-down list of possibleforeign keys (key value and "display field" areshown)<br />(see <a href="#faq6_21">FAQ 6.21</a>)</li><li>display links on the table properties page, to check referentialintegrity (display missing foreign keys) for each described key;</li><li>in query-by-example, create automatic joins (see <a href="#faq6_6">FAQ 6.6</a>)</li><li>enable you to get a PDF schema of your database (also uses thetable_coords table).</li></ul>The keys can be numeric or character.<br /><br />To allow the usage of this functionality:<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables infrastructure</li><li>put the relation table name in<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['relation']</tt></li><li>now as normal user open phpMyAdmin and for each one of yourtables where you want to use this feature, click"Structure/Relation view/" and choose foreign fields.</li></ul>Please note that in the current version, <tt>master_db</tt>must be the same as <tt>foreign_db</tt>. Those fields have been put infuture development of the cross-db relations.</dd><dt><a name="table_info"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_table_info"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_info']</b> string</dt><dd>Since release 2.3.0 you can describe, in a special 'table_info'table, which field is to be displayed as a tool-tip when moving thecursor over the corresponding key.<br />This configuration variable will hold the name of this specialtable.To allow the usage of this functionality:<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables infrastructure</li><li>put the table name in<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_info']</tt></li><li>then for each table where you want to use this feature,click "Structure/Relation view/Choose field to display"to choose the field.</li></ul>Usage tip: <a href="#faqdisplay">Display field</a>.</dd><dt><a name="table_coords"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_table_coords"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_coords']</b> string<br /><b><a name="cfg_Servers_pdf_pages"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pdf_pages']</b> string</dt><dd>Since release 2.3.0 you can have phpMyAdmin create PDF pages showingthe relations between your tables. To do this it needs two tables"pdf_pages" (storing information about the available PDFpages) and "table_coords" (storing coordinates where eachtable will be placed on a PDF schema output).<br /><br />You must be using the "relation" feature.<br /><br />To allow the usage of this functionality:<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables infrastructure</li><li>put the correct table names in<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_coords']</tt> and<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pdf_pages']</tt></li></ul>Usage tips: <a href="#faqpdf">PDF output</a>.</dd><dt><a name="col_com"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_column_info"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_info']</b> string</dt><dd><!-- This part requires a content update! -->Since release 2.3.0 you can store comments to describe each columnfor each table. These will then be shown on the "printview".<br /><br />Starting with release 2.5.0, comments are consequently used on the table propertypages and table browse view, showing up as tool-tips above the column name (properties page)or embedded within the header of table in browse view. They can also be shownin a table dump. Please see the relevant configuration directives later on.<br /><br />Also new in release 2.5.0 is a MIME-transformation system which is also based onthe following table structure. See <a href="#transformations">Transformations</a>for further information. To use the MIME-transformation system, your column_infotable has to have the three new fields 'mimetype', 'transformation', 'transformation_options'.<br /><br />To allow the usage of this functionality:<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables infrastructure</li><li>put the table name in<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_info']</tt></li><li>to update your PRE-2.5.0 Column_comments Table use this:<br /><tt> ALTER TABLE `pma_column_comments` <br /> ADD `mimetype` VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL ,<br /> ADD `transformation` VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL ,<br /> ADD `transformation_options` VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL ;<br /></tt>and remember that the Variable in <i>config.inc.php</i> has been renamedfrom <br /><tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_comments']</tt> to <tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_info']</tt></li></ul></dd><dt><a name="history"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_history"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['history']</b> string</dt><dd>Since release 2.5.0 you can store your SQL history, which means all queries youentered manually into the phpMyAdmin interface. If you don't want to use a table-based history, you can use the JavaScript-based history. Using that, all yourhistory items are deleted when closing the window.<br /><br />Using <b><a name="cfg_QueryHistoryMax"></a>$cfg[QueryHistoryMax]</b> you can specify an amount of history itemsyou want to have on hold. On every login, this list gets cut to the maximum amount.<br /><br />The query history is only available if JavaScript is enabled in yourbrowser.<br /><br />To allow the usage of this functionality:<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables infrastructure</li><li>put the table name in<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['history']</tt></li></ul></dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_verbose_check"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose_check']</b> boolean</dt><dd>Because release 2.5.0 introduced the new MIME-transformation support, thecolumn_info table got enhanced with three new fields. If the above variable isset to <tt>TRUE</tt> (default) phpMyAdmin will check if you have the latest table structureavailable. If not, it will emit a warning to the superuser.<br /><br />You can disable this checking behavior by setting the variable to false, whichshould offer a performance increase.<br /><br />Recommended to set to FALSE, when you are sure, your table structure is up to date.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Servers_AllowRoot"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowRoot']</b> boolean</dt><dd>Whether to allow root access, This is just simplification of rules below.</dd><dt><a name="servers_allowdeny_order"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_order"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order']</b> string</dt><dd>If your rule order is empty, then IP authentication is disabled.<br /><br />If your rule order is set to <tt>'deny,allow'</tt> then the systemapplies all deny rules followed by allow rules.Access is allowed by default. Any client which does not match a Denycommand or does match an Allow command will be allowed access to theserver.<br /><br />If your rule order is set to <tt>'allow,deny'</tt> then the systemapplies all allow rules followed by deny rules. Access is denied bydefault. Any client which does not match an Allow directive or doesmatch a Deny directive will be denied access to the server.<br /><br />If your rule order is set to 'explicit', the authentication isperformed in a similar fashion to rule order 'deny,allow', with theadded restriction that your host/username combination <b>must</b> belisted in the <i>allow</i> rules, and not listed in the <i>deny</i>rules. This is the <b>most</b> secure means of using Allow/Deny rules,and was available in Apache by specifying allow and deny rules withoutsetting any order.</dd><dt><a name="servers_allowdeny_rules"></a><b><a name="cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_rules"></a>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']</b> array of strings</dt><dd>The general format for the rules is as such:<br /><tt> <'allow' | 'deny'> <username> [from] <ipmask></tt><br /><br />If you wish to match all users, it is possible to use a <tt>'%'</tt> asa wildcard in the <i>username</i> field.<br />There are a few shortcuts you can use in the <i>ipmask</i> field aswell (please note that those containing SERVER_ADDRESS might not beavailable on all webservers):<br /><br /><tt> 'all' -> 0.0.0.0/0<br /> 'localhost' -> 127.0.0.1/8<br /> 'localnetA' -> SERVER_ADDRESS/8<br /> 'localnetB' -> SERVER_ADDRESS/16<br /> 'localnetC' -> SERVER_ADDRESS/24</tt><br /><br />Having an empty rule list is equivalent to either using<tt>'allow % from all'</tt> if your rule order is set to<tt>'deny,allow'</tt> or <tt>'deny % from all'</tt> if your rule orderis set to <tt>'allow,deny'</tt> or <tt>'explicit'</tt>.<br /><br />For the IP matching system, the following work:<br /><tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</tt> (an exact IP address)<br /><tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.[yyy-zzz]</tt> (an IP address range)<br /><tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/nn</tt> (CIDR, Classless Inter-Domain Routing type IP addresses)<br />But the following does not work:<br /><tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xx[yyy-zzz]</tt> (partial IP address range)</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ServerDefault"></a>$cfg[ServerDefault]</b> integer</dt><dd>If you have more than one server configured, you can set<tt>$cfg['ServerDefault']</tt> to any one of them to autoconnect tothat server when phpMyAdmin is started, or set it to 0 to be given alist of servers without logging in.<br />If you have only one server configured, <tt>$cfg['ServerDefault']</tt>MUST be set to that server.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_OBGzip"></a>$cfg[OBGzip] </b>string/boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether to use GZip output buffering for increasedspeed in HTTP transfers.<br />Set to true/false for enabling/disabling. When set to 'auto' (string),phpMyAdmin tries to enable output buffering and will automatically disableit, if your browser has some problems with buffering. IE6 with a certain patchis known to cause data corruption having enabled buffering.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_PersistentConnections"></a>$cfg[PersistentConnections] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Whether persistent connections should be used or not (mysql_connect ormysql_pconnect).</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ForceSSL"></a>$cfg[ForceSSL] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Whether to force using https while accessing phpMyAdmin.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ExecTimeLimit"></a>$cfg[ExecTimeLimit] </b>integer [number of seconds]</dt><dd>Set the number of seconds a script is allowed to run. If seconds is setto zero, no time limit is imposed.<br />This setting is used while importing/exporting dump files but has noeffect when PHP is running in safe mode.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_MemoryLimit"></a>$cfg[MemoryLimit] </b>integer [number of bytes]</dt><dd>Set the number of bytes a script is allowed to allocate. If number setto zero, no limit is imposed.<br />This setting is used while importing/exporting dump files but has noeffect when PHP is running in safe mode.<br />You can also use any string as in php.ini, eg. '16M'.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_SkipLockedTables"></a>$cfg[SkipLockedTables] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Mark used tables and make it possible to show databases with lockedtables (since 3.23.30).</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowSQL"></a>$cfg[ShowSQL] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether SQL-queries generated by phpMyAdmin should be displayedor not.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_AllowUserDropDatabase"></a>$cfg[AllowUserDropDatabase] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether normal users (non-administrator) are allowed todelete their own database or not. If set as FALSE, the link "DropDatabase" will not be shown, and even a "DROP DATABASEmydatabase" will be rejected. Quite practical for ISP's with manycustomers.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Confirm"></a>$cfg[Confirm] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Whether a warning ("Are your really sure...") should bedisplayed when you're about to lose data.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LoginCookieRecall"></a>$cfg[LoginCookieRecall] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Define whether the previous login should be recalled or not in cookieauthentication mode.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_UseDbSearch"></a>$cfg[UseDbSearch] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Define whether the "search string inside database" is enabled or not.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_IgnoreMultiSubmitErrors"></a>$cfg[IgnoreMultiSubmitErrors] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Define whether phpMyAdmin will continue executing a multi-querystatement if one of the queries fails. Default is to abort execution.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_VerboseMultiSubmit"></a>$cfg[VerboseMultiSubmit] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Define whether phpMyAdmin will output the results of each query of amulti-query statement embedded into the SQL output as inline comments.Defaults to <tt>TRUE</tt>.</dd><dt><a name="AllowArbitraryServer"></a><b><a name="cfg_AllowArbitraryServer"></a>$cfg[AllowArbitraryServer] </b>boolean</dt><dd>If enabled allows you to login to arbitrary server using cookie auth.<br /><br /><b>NOTE:</b> Please use this carefully, as this may allow to accessMySQL servers behind firewall where your http server is placed.<br /><br /></dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftFrameLight"></a>$cfg[LeftFrameLight]</b> boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether to use select-based menu and display only the currenttables in the left frame (smaller page).Only in Non-Lightmode you can use the feature to display nested foldersusing $cfg['LeftFrameTableSeparator']</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftFrameDBTree"></a>$cfg[LeftFrameDBTree]</b> boolean</dt><dd>In light mode, defines whether to display the names of databases (in theselector) using a tree, see also <tt>$cfg['LeftFrameDBSeparator']</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftFrameDBSeparator"></a>$cfg[LeftFrameDBSeparator]</b> string</dt><dd>The string used to separate the parts of the database name when showingthem in a tree.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftFrameTableSeparator"></a>$cfg[LeftFrameTableSeparator]</b> string</dt><dd>Defines a string to be used to nest table spaces. Defaults to '__'.This means if you have tables like 'first__second__third' this will beshown as a three-level hierarchy like: first > second > third.If set to FALSE or empty, the feature is disabled. NOTE: You shallnot use this Separator in a table name at the beginning or end of atable name, or multiple times after another without any othercharacters in between.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftFrameTableLevel"></a>$cfg[LeftFrameTableLevel]</b> string</dt><dd>Defines how many sublevels should be displayed when splittingup tables by the above Separator.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowTooltip"></a>$cfg[ShowTooltip] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether to display table comment as tool-tip in left frame ornot.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowTooltipAliasDB"></a>$cfg[ShowTooltipAliasDB] </b>boolean</dt><dd>If tool-tips are enabled and a DB comment is set, this will flip thecomment and the real name. That means, if you have a table called'user0001' and add the comment 'MyName' on it, you will see the name'MyName' used consequently in the left frame and the tool-tip showsthe real name of the DB.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowTooltipAliasTB"></a>$cfg[ShowTooltipAliasTB] </b>boolean/string</dt><dd>Same as $cfg['ShowTooltipAliasDB'], except this works for table names.When setting this to 'nested', the Alias of the Tablename is only usedto split/nest the tables according to the $cfg['LeftFrameTableSeparator']directive. So only the folder is called like the Alias, the tablename itselfstays the real tablename.<br /><br /></dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftDisplayLogo"></a>$cfg[LeftDisplayLogo] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether to display the phpMyAdmin logo at the top of the left frame or not.Defaults to <tt>TRUE</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftDisplayServers"></a>$cfg[LeftDisplayServers] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether to display a server choice at the top of the left frame or not.Defaults to FALSE.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DisplayServersList"></a>$cfg[DisplayServersList] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether to display this server choice as links instead of in a drop-down.Defaults to FALSE (drop-down).</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowStats"></a>$cfg[ShowStats] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether to display space usage and statistics about databasesand tables or not.<br />Note that statistics requires at least MySQL 3.23.3 and that, at thisdate, MySQL doesn't return such information for Berkeley DB tables.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowPhpInfo"></a>$cfg[ShowPhpInfo] </b>boolean<br /><b><a name="cfg_ShowChgPassword"></a>$cfg[ShowChgPassword] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether to display the "PHP information" and"Change password " links or not for simple users at thestarting main (right) frame. This setting does not check MySQLcommands entered directly.<br /><br />Please note that to block the usage of phpinfo() in scripts, youhave to put this in your <i>php.ini</i>:<br /> <tt>disable_functions = phpinfo()</tt><br /><br />Also note that enabling the "Change password " link has noeffect with "config" authentication mode: because of thehard coded password value in the configuration file, end users can'tbe allowed to change their passwords.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_SuggestDBName"></a>$cfg[SuggestDBName]</b> boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether to suggest a database name on the"Create Database" form or to keep the textfield empty.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowBlob"></a>$cfg[ShowBlob] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether <tt>BLOB</tt> fields are shown when browsing a table'scontent or not.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_NavigationBarIconic"></a>$cfg[NavigationBarIconic] </b>string</dt><dd>Defines whether navigation bar buttons and the right panel top menu contain text or symbols only. A value of TRUE displays icons, FALSE displays text and 'both' displays both icons and text.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowAll"></a>$cfg[ShowAll] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether an user should be displayed a"show all (records)" button in browse mode or not.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_MaxRows"></a>$cfg[MaxRows] </b>integer</dt><dd>Number of rows displayed when browsing a result set. If the result setcontains more rows, Previous/Next links will be shown.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Order"></a>$cfg[Order] </b>string [<tt>DESC</tt>|<tt>ASC</tt>|<tt>SMART</tt>]</dt><dd>Defines whether fields are displayed in ascending (<tt>ASC</tt>) order,in descending (<tt>DESC</tt>) order or in a "smart"(<tt>SMART</tt>) order - I.E. descending order for fields of type TIME,DATE, DATETIME & TIMESTAMP, ascending order else- by default.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ProtectBinary"></a>$cfg[ProtectBinary] </b>boolean or string</dt><dd>Defines whether <tt>BLOB</tt> or <tt>BINARY</tt> fields are protectedfrom editing when browsing a table's content or not.Valid values are:<ul><li><tt>FALSE</tt> to allow editing of all fields;</li><li><tt>'blob'</tt> to allow editing of all fields except <tt>BLOBS</tt>;</li><li><tt>'all'</tt> to disallow editing of all <tt>BINARY</tt> or<tt>BLOB</tt> fields.</li></ul></dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowFunctionFields"></a>$cfg[ShowFunctionFields] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether MySQL functions fields should be displayed or not inedit/insert mode.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_CharEditing"></a>$cfg[CharEditing] </b>string</dt><dd>Defines which type of editing controls should be used for CHAR andVARCHAR fields. Possible values are:<ul><li>input - this allows to limit size of text to size of field inMySQL, but has problems with newlines in fields</li><li>textarea - no problems with newlines in fields, but also nolength limitations</li></ul>Default is old behavior so input.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_InsertRows"></a>$cfg[InsertRows]</b> integer</dt><dd>Defines the maximum number of concurrent entries for the Insert page.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ForeignKeyMaxLimit"></a>$cfg[ForeignKeyMaxLimit]</b> integer</dt><dd>If there are fewer items than this in the set of foreign keys, then adrop-down box of foreign keys is presented, in the style described by the<b>$cfg[ForeignKeyDropdownOrder]</b> setting.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ForeignKeyDropdownOrder"></a>$cfg[ForeignKeyDropdownOrder]</b> array</dt><dd>For the foreign key drop-down fields, there are several methods ofdisplay, offering both the key and value data. The contents of thearray should be one or both of the following strings:<i>'content-id'</i>, <i>'id-content'</i>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ZipDump"></a>$cfg[ZipDump] </b>boolean<br /><b><a name="cfg_GZipDump"></a>$cfg[GZipDump] </b>boolean<br /><b><a name="cfg_BZipDump"></a>$cfg[BZipDump] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether to allow the use of zip/GZip/BZip2 compression whencreating a dump file or not.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_CompressOnFly"></a>$cfg[CompressOnFly] </b>boolean<br /></dt><dd>Defines whether to allow on the fly compression for GZip/BZip2compressed exports. This doesn't affect smaller dumps and allows tocreate larger dumps, that won't fit otherwise in memory due to phpmemory limit. Produced files contain more GZip/BZip2 headers, but allnormal programs handle this correctly.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LightTabs"></a>$cfg[LightTabs] </b>string</dt><dd>If set to True, use less graphically intense tabs on the top of themainframe.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_PropertiesIconic"></a>$cfg[PropertiesIconic] </b>string</dt><dd>If set to <tt>TRUE</tt>, will display icons instead of text for db and tableproperties links (like 'Browse', 'Select', 'Insert', ...).<br /> Can be set to <tt>'both'</tt> if you want icons AND text.<br />When set to <tt>FALSE</tt>, will only show text.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_PropertiesNumColumns"></a>$cfg[PropertiesNumColumns] </b>integer</dt><dd>How many columns will be utilized to display the tables on thedatabase property view? Default is 1 column. When setting this to avalue larger than 1, the type of the database will be omitted for moredisplay space.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DefaultTabServer"></a>$cfg[DefaultTabServer] </b>string</dt><dd>Defines the tab displayed by default on server view. Possiblevalues: "main.php" (recommended for multi-user setups),"server_databases.php", "server_status.php","server_variables.php", "server_privileges.php"or "server_processlist.php".</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DefaultTabDatabase"></a>$cfg[DefaultTabDatabase] </b>string</dt><dd>Defines the tab displayed by default on database view. Possiblevalues: "db_details_structure.php","db_details.php" or "db_search.php".</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DefaultTabTable"></a>$cfg[DefaultTabTable] </b>string</dt><dd>Defines the tab displayed by default on table view. Possiblevalues: "tbl_properties_structure.php","tbl_properties.php", "tbl_select.php","tbl_change.php" or "sql.php".</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_MySQLManualBase"></a>$cfg[MySQLManualBase]</b> string</dt><dd>If set to an URL which points to the MySQL documentation (type dependson <tt>$cfg['MySQLManualType']</tt>), appropriate help links aregenerated.<br />See <a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/">MySQL Documentation page</a>for more information about MySQL manuals and their types.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_MySQLManualType"></a>$cfg[MySQLManualType]</b> string</dt><dd>Type of MySQL documentation:<ul><li>viewable - "viewable online", current one used on MySQL website</li><li>searchable - "Searchable, with user comments"</li><li>chapters - "HTML, one page per chapter"</li><li>big - "HTML, all on one page"</li><li>none - do not show documentation links</li></ul></dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DefaultLang"></a>$cfg[DefaultLang] </b>string</dt><dd>Defines the default language to use, if not browser-defined oruser-defined.<br />See the <i>select_lang.lib.php</i> script to know the valid values forthis setting.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DefaultConnectionCollation"></a>$cfg[DefaultConnectionCollation] </b>string</dt><dd>Defines the default connection collation to use, if notuser-defined.<br />See the <a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/charset-charsets.html">MySQLdocumentation</a> for list of possible values.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Lang"></a>$cfg[Lang] </b>string</dt><dd>Force: always use this language (must be defined in the<i>select_lang.lib.php</i> script).</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_FilterLanguages"></a>$cfg[FilterLanguages] </b>string</dt><dd>Limit list of available languages to those matching the given regularexpression. For example if you want only Czech and English, you shouldset filter to <code>'^(cs|en)'</code>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DefaultCharset"></a>$cfg[DefaultCharset] </b>string</dt><dd>Default character set to use for recoding of MySQL queries. This must beenabled and it's described by <tt>$cfg['AllowAnywhereRecoding']</tt>option.<br />You can give here any character set which is in<tt>$cfg['AvailableCharsets']</tt> array and this is just defaultchoice, user can select any of them.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_AllowAnywhereRecoding"></a>$cfg[AllowAnywhereRecoding] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Allow character set recoding of MySQL queries. You need recode or iconvsupport (compiled in or module) in PHP to allow MySQL queries recodingand used language file must have it enabled (by default only thesewhich are in Unicode, just to avoid losing some characters).<br /><br />Setting this to <tt>TRUE</tt> also activates a pull-down menuin the Export page, to choose the character set when exporting a file.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_RecodingEngine"></a>$cfg[RecodingEngine] </b>string</dt><dd>You can select here which functions will be used for character setconversion.Possible values are:<ul><li>auto - automatically use available one (first is testediconv, then recode)</li><li>iconv - use iconv or libiconv functions</li><li>recode - use recode_string function</li></ul>Default is auto.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_IconvExtraParams"></a>$cfg[IconvExtraParams] </b>string</dt><dd>Specify some parameters for iconv used in charset conversion. See<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/documentation/libiconv/iconv_open.3.html">iconvdocumentation</a> for details. By default <code>//TRANSLIT</code> isused, so that invalid characters will be transliterated.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_AvailableCharsets"></a>$cfg[AvailableCharsets] </b>array</dt><dd>Available character sets for MySQL conversion. You can add your own (any ofsupported by recode/iconv) or remove these which you don't use.Character sets will be shown in same order as here listed, so if youfrequently use some of these move them to the top.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_GD2Available"></a>$cfg[GD2Available] </b>string</dt><dd>Specifies whether GD >= 2 is available. If yes it can be used forMIME transformations.<br />Possible values are:<ul><li>auto - automatically detect, this is a bit expensiveoperation for php < 4.3.0 so it is preferred to change thisaccording to your server real possibilities</li><li>yes - GD 2 functions can be used</li><li>no - GD 2 function cannot be used</li></ul>Default is auto.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftWidth"></a>$cfg[LeftWidth] </b>integer</dt><dd>Left frame width in pixel. See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftBgColor"></a>$cfg[LeftBgColor] </b>string [HTML color]<br /><b><a name="cfg_RightBgColor"></a>$cfg[RightBgColor] </b>string [HTML color]</dt><dd>The background colors (HTML) used for both the frames.See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_RightBgImage"></a>$cfg[RightBgImage] </b>string</dt><dd>The URI of the background image used for the right frame. It must bean absolute URI. See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftPointerColor"></a>$cfg[LeftPointerColor] </b>string [HTML color]</dt><dd>The color (HTML) used for the pointer in the left frame (does not workwith Netscape 4). See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LeftPointerEnable"></a>$cfg[LeftPointerEnable] </b>boolean</dt><dd>A value of <tt>TRUE</tt> activates the left pointer (when LeftFrameLight is <tt>FALSE</tt>).</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Border"></a>$cfg[Border] </b>integer</dt><dd>The size of a table's border. See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ThBgcolor"></a>$cfg[ThBgcolor] </b>string [HTML color]</dt><dd>The color (HTML) used for table headers. See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_BgcolorOne"></a>$cfg[BgcolorOne] </b>string [HTML color]</dt><dd>The color (HTML) #1 for table rows. See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_BgcolorTwo"></a>$cfg[BgcolorTwo] </b>string [HTML color]</dt><dd>The color (HTML) #2 for table rows. See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_BrowsePointerColor"></a>$cfg[BrowsePointerColor] </b>string [HTML color]<br /><b><a name="cfg_BrowseMarkerColor"></a>$cfg[BrowseMarkerColor] </b>string [HTML color]</dt><dd>The colors (HTML) uses for the pointer and the marker in browse mode(does not work with Netscape 4).<br />The former feature highlights the row over which your mouse is passingand the latter lets you visually mark/unmark rows by clicking onthem.<br />See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_BrowsePointerEnable"></a>$cfg[BrowsePointerEnable] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Whether to activate the browse pointer or not.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_BrowseMarkerEnable"></a>$cfg[BrowseMarkerEnable] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Whether to activate the browse marker or not.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_TextareaCols"></a>$cfg[TextareaCols] </b>integer<br /><b><a name="cfg_TextareaRows"></a>$cfg[TextareaRows] </b>integer<br /><b><a name="cfg_CharTextareaCols"></a>$cfg[CharTextareaCols] </b>integer<br /><b><a name="cfg_CharTextareaRows"></a>$cfg[CharTextareaRows] </b>integer</dt><dd>Number of columns and rows for the textareas.<br />This value will be emphasized (*2) for SQL query textareas and (*1.25) forSQL textareas inside the query window.<br />The Char* values are used for CHAR and VARCHAR editing (if configuredvia $cfg['CharEditing']).</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LongtextDoubleTextarea"></a>$cfg[LongtextDoubleTextarea] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines whether textarea for LONGTEXT fields should have double size.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_TextareaAutoSelect"></a>$cfg[TextareaAutoSelect] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines if the whole textarea of the query box will be selected onclick.</dd><dt><a name="CtrlArrowsMoving"></a><b><a name="cfg_CtrlArrowsMoving"></a>$cfg[CtrlArrowsMoving] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Enable Ctrl+Arrows (Option+Arrows in Safari) moving between fields when editing.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_LimitChars"></a>$cfg[LimitChars] </b>integer</dt><dd>Maximal number of Chars showed in any non-numericfield on browse view. Can be turned off by a toggle button on thebrowse page.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ModifyDeleteAtLeft"></a>$cfg[ModifyDeleteAtLeft] </b>boolean<b><a name="cfg_ModifyDeleteAtRight"></a>$cfg[ModifyDeleteAtRight] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Defines the place where modify and delete links would be put whentables contents are displayed (you may have them displayed both at theleft and at the right)."Left" and "right" are parsed as "top"and "bottom" with vertical display mode.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DefaultDisplay"></a>$cfg[DefaultDisplay] </b>string<b><a name="cfg_HeaderFlipType"></a>$cfg[HeaderFlipType] </b>string</dt><dd>There are 3 display modes: horizontal, horizontalflipped and vertical.Define which one is displayed by default. The first mode displays eachrow on a horizontal line, the second rotates the headers by 90degrees, so you can use descriptive headers even though fields onlycontain small values and still print them out. The vertical mode sortseach row on a vertical lineup.<br /><br />The HeaderFlipType can be set to 'css' or 'faked'. When using 'css'the rotation of the header for horizontalflipped is done via CSS. Ifset to 'faked' PHP does the transformation for you, but of course thisdoes not look as good as CSS.</dd><dt><a name="DefaultPropDisplay"></a><b><a name="cfg_DefaultPropDisplay"></a>$cfg[DefaultPropDisplay] </b>string</dt><dd>When editing/creating new columns in a table all fields normally getlined up one field a line. (default: 'horizontal'). If you set this to'vertical' you can have each field lined up vertically beneath eachother. You can save up a lot of place on the horizontal direction andno longer have to scroll.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowBrowseComments"></a>$cfg[ShowBrowseComments] </b>boolean<br /><b><a name="cfg_ShowPropertyComments"></a>$cfg[ShowPropertyComments] </b>boolean</dt><dd>By setting the corresponding variable to <tt>TRUE</tt> you can enable thedisplay of column comments in Browse or Property display. In browsemode, the comments are show inside the header. In property mode,comments are displayed using a CSS-formatted dashed-line below thename of the field. The comment is shown as a tool-tip for that field.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_UploadDir"></a>$cfg[UploadDir] </b>string</dt><dd>The name of the directory where SQL files have been uploaded by othermeans than phpMyAdmin (for example, ftp). Those files are availableunder a drop-down box when you click the database name, then the SQLtab.<br /><br />If you want different directory for each user, %u will be replacedwith username.<br /><br />Please note that the file names must have the suffix ".sql"(or ".sql.bz2" or ".sql.gz" if support forcompressed formats is enabled).<br /><br />This feature is useful when your file is too big to be uploaded viaHTTP, or when file uploads are disabled in PHP.<br /><br />Please note that if PHP is running in safe mode, this directory mustbe owned by the same user as the owner of the phpMyAdmin scripts.<br /><br />See also <a href="#faq1_16">FAQ 1.16</a> for alternatives.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_docSQLDir"></a>$cfg[docSQLDir] </b>string</dt><dd>The name of the directory where docSQL files can be uploaded forimport into phpMyAdmin.<br /><br />Please note that if PHP is running in safe mode, this directory mustbe owned by the same user as the owner of the phpMyAdmin scripts.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_SaveDir"></a>$cfg[SaveDir] </b>string</dt><dd>The name of the directory where dumps can be saved.<br /><br />If you want different directory for each user, %u will be replacedwith username.<br /><br />Please note that the directory has to be writable for user runningwebserver.<br /><br />Please note that if PHP is running in safe mode, this directory mustbe owned by the same user as the owner of the phpMyAdmin scripts.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_TempDir"></a>$cfg[TempDir] </b>string</dt><dd>The name of the directory, where temporary files can be stored.<br /><br />This is needed for native MS Excel export, see <a href="#faq6_23">FAQ6.23</a></dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Export"></a>$cfg[Export] </b>array</dt><dd>In this array are defined default parameters for export, names ofitems are similar to texts seen on export page, so you can easilyidentify what they mean.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Import"></a>$cfg[Import] </b>array</dt><dd>In this array are defined default parameters for import, names ofitems are similar to texts seen on import page, so you can easilyidentify what they mean.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_RepeatCells"></a>$cfg[RepeatCells] </b>integer</dt><dd>Repeat the headers every X cells, or 0 to deactivate.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_EditInWindow"></a>$cfg[EditInWindow] </b>boolean<br /><b><a name="cfg_QueryWindowWidth"></a>$cfg[QueryWindowWidth] </b>integer<br /><b><a name="cfg_QueryWindowHeight"></a>$cfg[QueryWindowHeight] </b>integer<br /><b><a name="cfg_QueryHistoryDB"></a>$cfg[QueryHistoryDB] </b>boolean<br /><b><a name="cfg_QueryWindowDefTab"></a>$cfg[QueryWindowDefTab] </b>string<br /><b><a name="cfg_QueryHistoryMax"></a>$cfg[QueryHistoryMax] </b>integer</dt><dd>All those variables affect the query window feature. A <tt>SQL</tt> linkor icon is always displayed on the left panel. If JavaScript is enabled inyour browser, a click on this opens a distinct query window, which isa direct interface to enter SQL queries. Otherwise, the right panelchanges to display a query box.<br /><br />The size of this query window can be customized with<tt>$cfg['QueryWindowWidth']</tt> and <tt>$cfg['QueryWindowWidth']</tt>- both integers for the size in pixels. Note that normally, thoseparameters will be modified in <tt>layout.inc.php</tt> for thetheme you are using.<br /><br />If <tt>$cfg['EditInWindow']</tt> is set to true, a click on [Edit]from the results page (in the "Showing Rows" section)opens the query window and puts the current queryinside it. If set to false, clicking on the link puts the SQLquery in the right panel's query box.<br /><br />The usage of the JavaScript query window is recommended if you have aJavaScript enabled browser. Basic functions are used to exchange quitea few variables, so most 4th generation browsers should be capable touse that feature. It currently is only tested with Internet Explorer 6and Mozilla 1.x.<br /><br />If $cfg['QueryHistoryDB'] is set to <tt>TRUE</tt>, all your Queries are loggedto a table, which has to be created by you (see <ahref="#history">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['history']</a>). If set to FALSE,all your queries will be appended to the form, but only as long asyour window is opened they remain saved.<br /><br />When using the JavaScript based query window, it will always getupdated when you click on a new table/db to browse and will focus ifyou click on "Edit SQL" after using a query. You can suppress updatingthe query window by checking the box "Do not overwrite this query fromoutside the window" below the query textarea. Then you can browsetables/databases in the background without losing the contents of thetextarea, so this is especially useful when composing a query withtables you first have to look in. The checkbox will get automaticallychecked whenever you change the contents of the textarea. Pleaseuncheck the button whenever you definitely want the query window toget updated even though you have made alterations.<br /><br />If $cfg['QueryHistoryDB'] is set to <tt>TRUE</tt> you can specify the amount ofsaved history items using $cfg['QueryHistoryMax'].<br /><br />The query window also has a custom tabbed look to group the features.Using the variable $cfg['QueryWindowDefTab'] you can specify thedefault tab to be used when opening the query window. It can be set toeither 'sql', 'files', 'history' or 'full'.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_BrowseMIME"></a>$cfg[BrowseMIME] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Enable <a href="#transformations">MIME-transformations</a>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_MaxExactCount"></a>$cfg[MaxExactCount] </b>integer</dt><dd><ul><li>For InnoDB tables, determines for how large tables phpMyAdminshould get the exact row count using <code>SELECT COUNT</code>.If the approximate row count as returned by<code>SHOW TABLE STATUS</code> is smaller than this value,<code>SELECT COUNT</code> will be used, otherwise the approximatecount will be used.</li><li>For VIEWs, since obtaining the exact count could have animpact on performance, this value is the maximum to be displayed.</li></ul></dd><dt><a name="wysiwyg"></a><b><a name="cfg_WYSIWYG-PDF"></a>$cfg[WYSIWYG-PDF] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Utilizes a WYSIWYG editing control to easily place elements of a PDFpage. By clicking on the button 'toggle scratchboard' on the pagewhere you edit x/y coordinates of those elements you can activate ascratchboard where all your elements are placed. By clicking on anelement, you can move them around in the pre-defined area and the x/ycoordinates will get updated dynamically. Likewise, when entering anew position directly into the input field, the new position in thescratchboard changes after your cursor leaves the input field.<br />You have to click on the 'OK'-button below the tables to save the newpositions. If you want to place a new element, first add it to thetable of elements and then you can drag the new element around.<br />By changing the paper size and the orientation you can change the sizeof the scratchboard as well. You can do so by just changing thedropdown field below, and the scratchboard will resize automatically,without interfering with the current placement of the elements.<br />If ever an element gets out of range you can either enlarge the papersize or click on the 'reset' button to place all elements below eachother.<br /><b>NOTE:</b> You have to use a recent browser like IE6 or Mozilla toget this control to work. The basic Drag&Drop script functionalitywas kindly borrowed from www.youngpup.net and is underlying sospecific license.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_NaturalOrder"></a>$cfg[NaturalOrder] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Sorts database and table names according to natural order (for example,t1, t2, t10). Currently implemented in the left panel (Light mode)and in Database view, for the table list.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ShowHttpHostTitle"></a>$cfg[ShowHttpHostTitle] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Shows the HTTP host name in window's title bar.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_SetHttpHostTitle"></a>$cfg[SetHttpHostTitle] </b>string</dt><dd>If <tt>$cfg['ShowHttpHostTitle']</tt> is <tt>TRUE</tt>, it shows the realHTTP host name, unless an alternate name is set here.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ErrorIconic"></a>$cfg[ErrorIconic] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Uses icons for warnings, errors and informations.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_MainPageIconic"></a>$cfg[MainPageIconic] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Uses icons on main page in lists and menu tabs.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ReplaceHelpImg"></a>$cfg[ReplaceHelpImg] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Shows a help button instead of the "Documentation" message.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ThemePath"></a>$cfg[ThemePath] </b>string</dt><dd>If theme manager is active, use this as the path of the subdirectorycontaining all the themes.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ThemeManager"></a>$cfg[ThemeManager] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Enables user-selectable themes. See <a href="#faqthemes">FAQ 2.7</a>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ThemeDefault"></a>$cfg[ThemeDefault] </b>string</dt><dd>The default theme (a subdirectory under <tt>cfg['ThemePath']</tt>).</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ThemePerServer"></a>$cfg[ThemePerServer] </b>boolean</dt><dd>Whether to allow different theme for each server.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DefaultQueryTable"></a>$cfg[DefaultQueryTable]</b> string<br /><b><a name="cfg_DefaultQueryDatabase"></a>$cfg[DefaultQueryDatabase]</b> string</dt><dd>Default queries that will be displayed in query boxes when user didn'tspecify any. Use %d for database name, %t for table name and %f for acomma separated list of field names. Note that %t and %f are onlyapplicable to $cfg['DefaultQueryTable'].</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_SQP_fmtType"></a>$cfg[SQP]['fmtType']</b> string [<tt>html</tt>|<tt>none</tt>]</dt><dd>The main use of the new SQL Parser is to pretty-print SQL queries. Bydefault we use HTML to format the query, but you can disable this bysetting this variable to <tt>'none'</tt>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_SQP_fmtInd"></a>$cfg[SQP]['fmtInd']</b> float<br /><b><a name="cfg_SQP"></a>$cfg[SQP]['fmtIndUnit']</b> string [<tt>em</tt>|<tt>px</tt>|<tt>pt</tt>|<tt>ex</tt>]</dt><dd>For the pretty-printing of SQL queries, under some cases the part of aquery inside a bracket is indented. By changing<tt>$cfg['SQP']['fmtInd']</tt> you can change the amount of this indent.<br />Related in purpose is <tt>$cfg['SQP']['fmtIndUnit']</tt> whichspecifies the units of the indent amount that you specified. This isused via stylesheets.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_SQP_fmtColor"></a>$cfg[SQP]['fmtColor']</b> array of string tuples</dt><dd>This array is used to define the colours for each type of element ofthe pretty-printed SQL queries. The tuple format is<br /><i>class</i> => [<i>HTML colour code</i> | <i>empty string</i>]<br />If you specify an empty string for the color of a class, it is ignoredin creating the stylesheet.You should not alter the class names, only the colour strings.<br /><b>Class name key:</b><ul><li><b>comment</b> Applies to all comment sub-classes</li><li><b>comment_mysql</b> Comments as <tt>"#...\n"</tt></li><li><b>comment_ansi</b> Comments as <tt>"-- ...\n"</tt></li><li><b>comment_c</b> Comments as <tt>"/*...*/"</tt></li><li><b>digit</b> Applies to all digit sub-classes</li><li><b>digit_hex</b> Hexadecimal numbers</li><li><b>digit_integer</b> Integer numbers</li><li><b>digit_float</b> Floating point numbers</li><li><b>punct</b> Applies to all punctuation sub-classes</li><li><b>punct_bracket_open_round</b> Opening brackets<tt>"("</tt></li><li><b>punct_bracket_close_round</b> Closing brackets <tt>")"</tt></li><li><b>punct_listsep</b> List item Separator <tt>","</tt></li><li><b>punct_qualifier</b> Table/Column Qualifier <tt>"."</tt> </li><li><b>punct_queryend</b> End of query marker <tt>";"</tt></li><li><b>alpha</b> Applies to all alphabetic classes</li><li><b>alpha_columnType</b> Identifiers matching a column type</li><li><b>alpha_columnAttrib</b> Identifiers matching a database/table/column attribute</li><li><b>alpha_functionName</b> Identifiers matching a MySQL function name</li><li><b>alpha_reservedWord</b> Identifiers matching any other reserved word</li><li><b>alpha_variable</b> Identifiers matching a SQL variable <tt>"@foo"</tt></li><li><b>alpha_identifier</b> All other identifiers</li><li><b>quote</b> Applies to all quotation mark classes</li><li><b>quote_double</b> Double quotes <tt>"</tt></li><li><b>quote_single</b> Single quotes <tt>'</tt></li><li><b>quote_backtick</b> Backtick quotes <tt>`</tt></li></ul></dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_SQLValidator"></a>$cfg[SQLValidator]['use']</b> boolean</dt><dd>phpMyAdmin now supports use of the <a href="http://developer.mimer.com/validator/index.htm">Mimer SQL Validator</a> service,as originally published on<a href="http://developers.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=02/02/19/1720246">Slashdot</a>.<br />For help in setting up your system to use the service, see the<a href="#faqsqlvalidator">FAQ #6.14</a>.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_SQLValidator"></a>$cfg[SQLValidator]['username']</b> string<br /><b><a name="cfg_SQLValidator"></a>$cfg[SQLValidator]['password']</b> string</dt><dd>The SOAP service allows you to login with <tt>anonymous</tt>and any password, so we use those by default. Instead, ifyou have an account with them, you can put your login detailshere, and it will be used in place of the anonymous login.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DBG_enable"></a>$cfg[DBG]['enable']</b> boolean</dt><dd><b>DEVELOPERS ONLY!</b><br />Enable the DBG extension for debugging phpMyAdmin. Required for profilingthe code.<br />For help in setting up your system to this, see the<a href="#developersdbg">Developers</a> section.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DBG_profile_enable"></a>$cfg[DBG]['profile']['enable']</b> boolean</dt><dd><b>DEVELOPERS ONLY!</b><br />Enable profiling support for phpMyAdmin. This will append a chunk of datato the end of every page displayed in the main window with profilingstatistics for that page.<br />You may need to increase the maximum execution time for this tocomplete successfully.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DBG_profile_threshold"></a>$cfg[DBG]['profile']['threshold']</b> float (units in milliseconds)</dt><dd><b>DEVELOPERS ONLY!</b><br />When profiling data is displayed, this variable controls the threshold ofdisplay for any profiling data, based on the average time each time hastaken. If it is over the threshold it is displayed, otherwise it is notdisplayed. This takes a value in milliseconds. In most cases you don't needto edit this.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_ColumnTypes"></a>$cfg[ColumnTypes] </b>array</dt><dd>All possible types of a MySQL column. In most cases you don't need toedit this.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_AttributeTypes"></a>$cfg[AttributeTypes] </b>array</dt><dd>Possible attributes for fields. In most cases you don't need to editthis.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_Functions"></a>$cfg[Functions] </b>array</dt><dd>A list of functions MySQL supports. In most cases you don't need toedit this.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_RestrictColumnTypes"></a>$cfg[RestrictColumnTypes] </b>array</dt><dd>Mapping of column types to meta types used for preferring displayedfunctions. In most cases you don't need to edit this.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_RestrictFunctions"></a>$cfg[RestrictFunctions] </b>array</dt><dd>Functions preferred for column meta types as defined in<code>$cfg['RestrictColumnTypes']</code>. In most cases you don't needto edit this.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_DefaultFunctions"></a>$cfg[DefaultFunctions] </b>array</dt><dd>Functions selected by default when inserting/changing row, Functionsare defined for meta types from<code>$cfg['RestrictColumnTypes']</code> and for<code>first_timestamp</code>, which is used for first timestamp columnin table.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_NumOperators"></a>$cfg[NumOperators] </b>array</dt><dd>Operators available for search operations on numeric and date fields.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_TextOperators"></a>$cfg[TextOperators] </b>array</dt><dd>Operators available for search operations on character fields.Note that we put <code>LIKE</code> by default instead of<code>LIKE %...%</code>, to avoid unintended performance problemsin case of huge tables.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_EnumOperators"></a>$cfg[EnumOperators] </b>array</dt><dd>Operators available for search operations on enum fields.</dd><dt><b><a name="cfg_NullOperators"></a>$cfg[NullOperators] </b>array</dt><dd>Additional operators available for search operations when thefield can be null.</dd></dl><!-- TRANSFORMATIONS --><a name="transformations"></a><br /><h2>Transformations</h2><p><a href="#transformationsintro">Introduction</a> - <a href="#transformationshowto">Usage</a> - <a href="#transformationsfiles">File structure</a></p><a name="transformationsintro"></a><br /><h3>[1. Introduction]</h3><p>To enable transformations, you have to setup the <tt>column_info</tt> table and the properdirectives. Please see the <a href="#config">Configuration section</a> on how to do so.</p><br /><p>You can apply different transformations to the contents of each field. Thetransformation will take the content of each field and transform it withcertain rules defined in the selected transformation.</p><br /><p>Say you have a field 'filename' which contains a filename. Normally you would seein phpMyAdmin only this filename. Using transformations you can transform that filenameinto a HTML link, so you can click inside of the phpMyAdmin structure on the field'slink and will see the file displayed in a new browser window. Using transformationoptions you can also specify strings to append/prepend to a string or the format youwant the output stored in.</p><br /><p>For a general overview of all available transformations and their options, you canconsult your<i><www.your-host.com>/<your-install-dir>/transformation_overview.php</i>installation.</p><p><br />For a tutorial on how to effectively use transformations, see our <a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/docs.php">Link section</a> on the official phpMyAdmin homepage.</p><a name="transformationshowto"></a><br /><h3>[2. Usage]</h3><p>Go to your <i>tbl_properties_structure.php</i> page (i.e. reached throughclicking on the 'Structure' link for a table). There click on"Change" (or change icon) and there you will see three new fields atthe end of the line. They are called 'MIME-type', 'Browser transformation' and'Transformation options'.</p><ul><li>The field 'MIME-type' is a dropdown field. You have the options to leave that fieldempty or to use 'auto' [this feature is not yet available]. Please note thattransformations are inactive as long as no MIME-type is selected.</li><li>The field 'Browser transformation' is a drop-down field. You can choose from ahopefully growing amount of pre-defined transformations. See below for information onhow to build your own transformation.<br />There are global transformations and mimetype-bound transformations. Global transformationscan be used for any mimetype. They will take the mimetype, if necessary, into regard.Mimetype-bound transformations usually only operate on a certain mimetype. There aretransformations which operate on the main mimetype (like 'image'), which will most likelytake the subtype into regard, and those who only operate on aspecific subtype (like 'image/jpeg').<br />You can use transformations on mimetypes for which the function was not defined for. Thereis no security check for you selected the right transformation, so take care of what theoutput will be like.</li><li>The field 'Transformation options' is a free-type textfield. You have to entertransform-function specific options here. Usually the transforms can operate with defaultoptions, but it is generally a good idea to look up the overview to see which options arenecessary.<br />Much like the ENUM/SET-Fields, you have to split up several options using the format'a','b','c',...(NOTE THE MISSING BLANKS). This is because internally the options will beparsed as an array, leaving the first value the first element in the array, and soforth.<br />If you want to specify a MIME character set you can define it in the transformation_options.You have to put that outside of the pre-defined options of the specific mime-transform,as the last value of the set. Use the format "'; charset=XXX'". If you use a transform,for which you can specify 2 options and you want to append a character set, enter "'firstparameter','second parameter','charset=us-ascii'". You can, however use the defaults forthe parameters: "'','','charset=us-ascii'".</li></ul><a name="transformationsfiles"></a><br /><h3>[3. File structure]</h3><p>All mimetypes and their transformations are defined through single files inthe directory 'libraries/transformations/'.</p><br /><p>They are stored in files to ease up customization and easy adding of newtransformations.</p><br /><p>Because the user cannot enter own mimetypes, it is kept sure that transformationsalways work. It makes no sense to apply a transformation to a mimetype, thetransform-function doesn't know to handle.</p><br /><p>One can, however, use empty mime-types and global transformations which should workfor many mimetypes. You can also use transforms on a different mimetype they where builtfor, but pay attention to option usage as well as what the transformation does to yourfield.</p><br /><p>There is a basic file called '<i>global.inc.php</i>'. This function can be included byany other transform function and provides some basic functions.</p><br /><p>There are 5 possible file names:</p><ol><li>A mimetype+subtype transform:<br /><br />[mimetype]_[subtype]__[transform].inc.php<br /><br />Please not that mimetype and subtype are separated via '_', which shall not becontained in their names. The transform function/filename may contain onlycharacters which cause no problems in the file system as well as the PHP functionnaming convention.<br /><br />The transform function will the be called 'PMA_transform_[mimetype]_[subtype]__[transform]()'.<br /><br /><b>Example:</b><br /><br />text_html__formatted.inc.php<br />PMA_transform_text_html__formatted()</li><li>A mimetype (w/o subtype) transform:<br /><br />[mimetype]__[transform].inc.php<br /><br />Please note that there are no single '_' characters.The transform function/filename may contain only characters which cause no problemsin the file system as well as the PHP function naming convention.<br /><br />The transform function will the be called 'PMA_transform_[mimetype]__[transform]()'.<br /><br /><b>Example:</b><br /><br />text__formatted.inc.php<br />PMA_transform_text__formatted()</li><li>A mimetype+subtype without specific transform function<br /><br />[mimetype]_[subtype].inc.php<br /><br />Please note that there are no '__' characters in the filename. Do not use specialcharacters in the filename causing problems with the file system.<br /><br />No transformation function is defined in the file itself.<br /><br /><b>Example:</b><br /><br />text_plain.inc.php<br />(No function)</li><li>A mimetype (w/o subtype) without specific transform function<br /><br />[mimetype].inc.php<br /><br />Please note that there are no '_' characters in the filename. Do not use specialcharacters in the filename causing problems with the file system.<br /><br />No transformation function is defined in the file itself.<br /><br /><b>Example:</b><br /><br />text.inc.php<br />(No function)</li><li>A global transform function with no specific mimetype<br /><br />global__[transform].inc.php<br /><br />The transform function will the be called 'PMA_transform_global__[transform]()'.<br /><br /><b>Example:</b><br /><br />global__formatted<br />PMA_transform_global__formatted()</li></ol><br /><p>So generally use '_' to split up mimetype and subtype, and '__' to provide atransform function.</p><br /><p>All filenames containing no '__' in themselves are not shown as valid transformfunctions in the dropdown.</p><br /><p>Please see the libraries/transformations/TEMPLATE file for adding your own transformfunction. See the libraries/transformations/TEMPLATE_MIMETYPE for adding a mimetypewithout a transform function. Also note the introduction of a function description inthe language files. For each function a $strTransformation_[filename without .inc.php]has to exist.</p><br /><p>You can use the template generator to generate new functions and entries in thelanguage file.</p><br /><p>To create a new transform function please see libraries/transformations/template_generator.sh.To create a new, empty mimetype please see libraries/transformations/template_generator_mimetype.sh.</p><br /><p>A transform function always gets passed three variables:</p><ol><li><b>$buffer</b> - Contains the text inside of the column. This is the text, you want to transform.</li><li><b>$options</b> - Contains any user-passed options to a transform function as an array.</li><li><b>$meta</b> - Contains an object with field information to your column. The data is drawn from the output of the<a href="http://www.php.net/mysql_fetch_field">mysql_fetch_field()</a> function. This means, all object properties describedon the <a href="http://www.php.net/mysql_fetch_field">manual page</a> are available in this variable and can be used totransform a field accordingly to unsigned/zerofill/not_null/... properties.<br />The $meta->mimetype variable contains the original MIME-type of the field (i.e. 'text/plain', 'image/jpeg' etc.)</li></ol><!-- FAQ --><a name="faq"></a><br /><h2>FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions</h2><p><a href="#faqserver">Server</a> - <a href="#faqconfig">Configuration</a> - <a href="#faqlimitations">Limitations</a> - <a href="#faqmultiuser">Multi-user</a> - <a href="#faqbrowsers">Browsers</a> - <a href="#faqusing">Usage tips</a> - <a href="#faqproject">Project</a> - <a href="#faqsecurity">Security</a></p><p><br />Please have a look at our <a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/docs.php">Link section</a> on the official phpMyAdmin homepage for in-depth coverage of phpMyAdmin's features and/or interface.</p><a name="faqserver"></a><br /><h3>[1. Server]</h3><a name="faq1_1"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_1">1.1</a>] I'm running PHP 4+ and my server is crashing each time a specificaction is required or phpMyAdmin sends a blank page or a page full ofcryptic characters to my browser, what can I do?</h4><p>There are some known PHP bugs with output buffering and compression.<br />Try to set the <tt>$cfg['OBGzip']</tt> directive to <tt>FALSE</tt> in your<i>config.inc.php</i> file and the<tt>zlib.output_compression</tt> directive to <tt>Off</tt> in your phpconfiguration file.<br />Furthermore, we know about such problems connected to the releasecandidates of PHP 4.2.0 (tested with PHP 4.2.0 RC1 to RC4) together withMS Internet Explorer. Please upgrade to the release version PHP 4.2.0.</p><a name="faq1_2"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_2">1.2</a>] My Apache server crashes when using phpMyAdmin.</h4><p>You should first try the latest versions of Apache (and possibly MySQL).<br />See also the <a href="#faq1_1">FAQ 1.1</a> entry about PHP bugs with output buffering.<br />If your server keeps crashing, please ask for help in the variousApache support groups.</p><a name="faq1_3"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_3">1.3</a>] I'm running phpMyAdmin with "cookie" authentication mode underPHP 4.2.0 or 4.2.1 loaded as an Apache 2+ module but can't enter thescript: I'm always displayed the login screen.</h4><p>This is a known PHP bug (see this<a href="http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=16626">bug report</a>) from theofficial PHP bug database. It means there is and won't be any phpMyAdminfix against it because there is no way to code a fix.</p><a name="faq1_4"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_4">1.4</a>] Using phpMyAdmin on IIS, I'm displayed the error message:"The specified CGI application misbehaved by not returning acomplete set of HTTP headers...".</h4><p>You just forgot to read the <i>install.txt</i> file from the phpdistribution. Have a look at the last message in this<a href="http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=12061">bug report</a> from theofficial PHP bug database.</p><a name="faq1_5"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_5">1.5</a>] Using phpMyAdmin on IIS, I'm facing crashes and/or many errormessages with the HTTP or advanced authentication mode.</h4><p>This is a known problem with the PHP ISAPI filter: it's not so stable.Please use instead the cookie authentication mode.</p><a name="faq1_6"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_6">1.6</a>] I can't use phpMyAdmin on PWS: nothing is displayed!</h4><p>This seems to be a PWS bug. Filippo Simoncini found a workaround (at thistime there is no better fix): remove or comment the <tt>DOCTYPE</tt>declarations (2 lines) from the scripts <i>libraries/header.inc.php</i>,<i>libraries/header_printview.inc.php</i>, <i>index.php</i>,<i>left.php</i> and <i>libraries/common.lib.php</i>.</p><a name="faq1_7"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_7">1.7</a>] How can I GZip or Bzip a dump or a CSV export? It does not seem towork.</h4><p>These features are based on the <tt>gzencode()</tt> and<tt>bzcompress()</tt> PHP functions to be more independent of the platform(Unix/Windows, Safe Mode or not, and so on).So, you must have PHP4 >= 4.0.4 and Zlib/Bzip2 support(<tt>--with-zlib</tt> and <tt>--with-bz2</tt>).<br />We faced PHP crashes when trying to download a dump with MS InternetExplorer when phpMyAdmin is run with a release candidate of PHP 4.2.0. Inthis case you should switch to the release version of PHP 4.2.0.</p><a name="faq1_8"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_8">1.8</a>] I cannot insert a text file in a table, and I get an error aboutsafe mode being in effect.</h4><p>Your uploaded file is saved by PHP in the "upload dir", asdefined in <i>php.ini</i> by the variable <tt>upload_tmp_dir</tt> (usuallythe system default is <i>/tmp</i>).<br />We recommend the following setup for Apache servers running in safe mode,to enable uploads of files while being reasonably secure:</p><ul><li>create a separate directory for uploads:<tt>mkdir /tmp/php</tt></li><li>give ownership to the Apache server's user.group:<tt>chown apache.apache /tmp/php</tt></li><li>give proper permission: <tt>chmod 600 /tmp/php</tt></li><li>put <tt>upload_tmp_dir = /tmp/php</tt> in <i>php.ini</i></li><li>restart Apache</li></ul><a name="faq1_9"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_9">1.9</a>] I'm having troubles when uploading files. In general file uploadsdon't work on my system and uploaded files have a <tt>Content-Type:</tt>header in the first line.</h4><p>It's not really phpMyAdmin related but RedHat 7.0. You have a RedHat 7.0and you updated your PHP RPM to php-4.0.4pl1-3.i386.rpm, didn't you?<br />So the problem is that this package has a serious bug that was correctedages ago in PHP (2001-01-28: see<a href="http://www.php.net/bugs.php?id=8966">PHP's bug tracking system</a>for more details). The problem is that the bugged package is stillavailable though it was corrected (see<a href="http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24933">RedHat's BugZilla</a>for more details).<br />So please download<a href="http://www.redhat.com/swr/i386/php-4.0.4pl1-9.i386.html">the fixed package (4.0.4pl1-9)</a>and the problem should go away.<br />And that fixes the \r\n problem with file uploads!</p><a name="faq1_10"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_10">1.10</a>] I'm having troubles when uploading files with phpMyAdmin runningon a secure server. My browser is Internet Explorer and I'm using theApache server.</h4><p>As suggested by "Rob M" in the phpWizard forum, add this line toyour <i>httpd.conf</i>:<br /> <tt>SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown</tt><br />It seems to clear up many problems between Internet Explorer and SSL.</p><a name="faq1_11"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_11">1.11</a>] I get an 'open_basedir restriction' while uploading a file fromthe query box.</h4><p>Since version 2.2.4, phpMyAdmin supports servers with open_basedirrestrictions. Assuming that the restriction allows you to open files in thecurrent directory ('.'), all you have to do is create a 'tmp' directoryunder the phpMyAdmin install directory, with permissions 777 and the sameowner as the owner of your phpMyAdmin directory. The uploaded files willbe moved there, and after execution of your SQL commands, removed.</p><a name="faq1_12"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_12">1.12</a>] I have lost my MySQL root password, what can I do?</h4><p>The MySQL manual explains how to<a href="http://www.mysql.com/doc/R/e/Resetting_permissions.html">reset the permissions</a>.</p><a name="faq1_13"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_13">1.13</a>] I get an error 'No SQL query' when trying to execute a bookmark.</h4><p>If PHP does not have read/write access to its <tt>upload_tmp_dir</tt>, itcannot access the uploaded query.</p><a name="faq1_14"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_14">1.14</a>] I get an error 'No SQL query' when trying to submit a query fromthe convenient text area.</h4><p>Check the <tt>post_max_size</tt> directive from your PHP configuration fileand try to increase it.</p><a name="faq1_15"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_15">1.15</a>] I have problems with <i>mysql.user</i> field names.</h4><p>In older MySQL versions, the <tt>User</tt> and <tt>Password</tt> fieldswere named <tt>user</tt> and <tt>password</tt>. Please modify your fieldnames to align with current standards.</p><a name="faq1_16"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_16">1.16</a>] I cannot upload big dump files (memory, http or timeout problems).</h4><p> Starting with version 2.7.0, the import engine has been re–written and theseproblems should not occur. If possible, upgrade your phpMyAdmin to the latest versionto take advantage of the new import features.</p><p>The first things to check (or ask your host provider to check) are thevalues of <tt>upload_max_filesize</tt>, <tt>memory_limit</tt> and<tt>post_max_size</tt> in the <i>php.ini</i> configuration file.All of these three settings limit the maximum size of data that can besubmitted and handled by PHP. One user also said that post_max_sizeand memory_limit need to be larger than upload_max_filesize.<br /> <br />There exist several workarounds if your upload is too big or yourhosting provider is unwilling to change the settings:</p><ul><li>Look at the <tt>$cfg['UploadDir']</tt> feature. This allows one toupload a file to the server via scp, ftp, or your favorite file transfermethod. PhpMyAdmin is then able to import the files from the temporarydirectory. More information is available in the <a href="#config">Configurationsection</a> of this document.</li><li>Using a utility (such as <a href="http://www.ozerov.de/bigdump.php">BigDump</a>) to split the files before uploading. We cannot support thisor any third party applications, but are aware of users having successwith it.</li><li>If you have shell (command line) access, use MySQL to import the filesdirectly. You can do this by issuing the "source" command fromwithin MySQL: <tt>source <i>filename.sql</i></tt>.</li></ul><a name="faqmysqlversions"></a><h4>[<a href="#faqmysqlversions">1.17</a>] Which MySQL versions does phpMyAdmin support?</h4><p>All MySQL versions from 3.23.32 till 5.0 (except for 4.1.0 and 4.1.1) arefully supported. Please note that the older your MySQL version is, the morelimitations you will have to face.<br />phpMyAdmin may connect to your MySQL server using php's classic<a href="http://php.net/mysql">MySQL extension</a> as well as the<a href="http://php.net/mysqli">improved MySQL extension (MySQLi)</a> thatis available in php 5.0.<br />Either way, the developers of both extensions recommend to use the classicextension for MySQL 4.0 and below and MySQLi for MySQL 4.1 and newer.<br />When compiling php, we strongly recommend that you manually link the MySQLextension of your choice to a MySQL client library of at least the sameminor version since the one that is bundled with some php distributions israther old and might cause problems (see also FAQ 1.17a).If your webserver is running on a windows system, you might want to tryMySQL's<a href="http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/php/">Connector/PHP</a>instead of the MySQL / MySQLi extensions that are bundled with the officialphp Win32 builds.<br />MySQL 5.1 is not yet supported.</p><a name="faq1_17a"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_17a">1.17a</a>] I cannot connect to the MySQL server. It always returns the errormessage, "Client does not support authentication protocol requestedby server; consider upgrading MySQL client"</h4><p>You tried to access MySQL with an old MySQL client library. The version ofyour MySQL client library can be checked in your phpinfo() output.In general, it should have at least the same minor version as your server- as mentioned in FAQ 1.17.<br /><br />This problem is generally caused by using MySQL version 4.1 or newer. MySQLchanged the authentication hash and your PHP is trying to use the old method.The proper solution is to use the <a href="http://www.php.net/mysqli">mysqli extension</a>with the proper client library to match your MySQL installation. Yourchosen extension is specified in <tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension']</tt>.More information (and several workarounds) are located in the<a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/old-client.html">MySQL Documentation</a>.</p><a name="faq1_18"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_18">1.18</a>] I'm running MySQL <= 4.0.1 having<tt>lower_case_table_names</tt> set to 1. If I create a new table with acapital letter in its name it is changed to lowercase as it should. Butif I try to DROP this table MySQL is unable to find the correspondingfile.</h4><p>This is a bug of MySQL <= 4.0.1. Please upgrade to at leastMySQL 4.0.2 or turn off your <tt>lower_case_table_names</tt>directive.</p><a name="faq1_19"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_19">1.19</a>] I can't run the "display relations" feature because thescript seems not to know the font face I'm using!</h4><p>The "FPDF" library we're using for this feature requires somespecial files to use font faces.<br />Please refers to the<a href="http://www.fpdf.org/" target="_blank">FPDF manual</a> to buildthese files.</p><a name="faqmysql"></a><h4>[<a href="#faqmysql">1.20</a>] I receive the error "cannot load MySQL extension, pleasecheck PHP Configuration".</h4><p>To connect to a MySQL server, PHP needs a set of MySQL functions called"MySQL extension".This extension may be part of the PHP distribution (compiled-in), otherwiseit needs to be loaded dynamically. Its name is probably <i>mysql.so</i> or<i>php_mysql.dll</i>. phpMyAdmin tried to load the extension but failed.<br /><br />Usually, the problem is solved by installing a software package called"PHP-MySQL" or something similar.</p><a name="faq1_21"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_21">1.21</a>] I am running the CGI version of PHP under Unix, and I cannotlogin using cookie auth.</h4><p>In <i>php.ini</i>, set <tt>mysql.max_links</tt> higher than 1.</p><a name="faq1_22"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_22">1.22</a>] I don't see the "Location of text file" field, soI cannot upload.</h4><p>This is most likely because in <i>php.ini</i>, your <tt>file_uploads</tt>parameter is not set to "on".</p><a name="faq1_23"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_23">1.23</a>] I'm running MySQL on a Win32 machine. Each time I create a newtable the table and field names are changed to lowercase!</h4><p>This happens because the MySQL directive <tt>lower_case_table_names</tt>defaults to 1 (<tt>ON</tt>) in the Win32 version of MySQL. You can changethis behavior by simply changing the directive to 0 (<tt>OFF</tt>):<br />Just edit your <tt>my.ini</tt> file that should be located in your Windowsdirectory and add the following line to the group [mysqld]:<br /><tt>set-variable = lower_case_table_names=0</tt><br />Next, save the file and restart the MySQL service. You can always check thevalue of this directive using the query<br /><tt>SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'lower_case_table_names';</tt></p><a name="faq1_24"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_24">1.24</a>] Some characters are being truncated in my queries, or I getcharacters randomly added. I am running PHP 4.2.3.</h4><p>This is a<a href="http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=19404">PHP 4.2.3 bug</a>.</p><a name="faq1_25"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_25">1.25</a>] I am running Apache with mod_gzip-1.3.26.1a on Windows XP,and I get problems, such as undefined variables when I run a SQL query.</h4><p>A tip from Jose Fandos: put a comment on the following two linesin httpd.conf, like this:<br /><tt># mod_gzip_item_include file \.php$</tt><br /><tt># mod_gzip_item_include mime "application/x-httpd-php.*"</tt><br />as this version of mod_gzip on Apache (Windows) has problems handlingPHP scripts. Of course you have to restart Apache.</p><a name="faq1_26"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_26">1.26</a>] I just installed phpMyAdmin in my document root of IIS butI get the error "No input file specified" when trying torun phpMyAdmin.</h4><p>This is a permission problem. Right-click on the phpmyadmin folderand choose properties. Under the tab Security, click on "Add"and select the user "IUSR_machine" from the list. Now set hispermissions and it should work.</p><a name="faq1_27"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_27">1.27</a>] I get empty page when I want to view huge page (eg.db_details_structure.php with plenty of tables).</h4><p>This is a <a href="http://bugs.php.net/21079">PHP bug</a> that occur whenGZIP output buffering is enabled. If you turn off it (by <code>$cfg['OBGzip']= FALSE</code> in <i>config.inc.php</i>), it should work. This bug will befixed in PHP 5.0.0.</p><a name="faq1_28"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_28">1.28</a>] My MySQL server sometimes refuses queries and returns the message'Errorcode: 13'. What does this mean?</h4><p>This can happen due to a MySQL bug when having database / table names withupper case characters although <tt>lower_case_table_names</tt> is set to 1.To fix this, turn off this directive, convert all database and table namesto lower case and turn it on again. Alternatively, there's a bug-fixavailable starting with MySQL 3.23.56 / 4.0.11-gamma.</p><a name="faq1_29"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_29">1.29</a>] When I create a table or modify a field, I get an errorand the fields are duplicated.</h4><p>It is possible to configure Apache in such a way that PHP has problemsinterpreting .php files.<br /><br />The problems occur when two different (and conflicting) set of directivesare used:<br /><br /><tt>SetOutputFilter PHP<br />SetInputFilter PHP<br /></tt>&<br /><tt>AddType application/x-httpd-php .php</tt><br /><br />In the case we saw, one set of directives was in<tt>/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf</tt>, whilethe other set was in <tt>/etc/httpd/conf/addon-modules/php.conf</tt>.<br />The recommended way is with <tt>AddType</tt>, so just comment outthe first set of lines and restart Apache:<br /><br /><tt><b>#SetOutputFilter PHP<br />#SetInputFilter PHP<br /></b></tt></p><a name="faq1_30"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_30">1.30</a>] I get the error "left.php: Missing hash".</h4><p>This problem is known to happen when the server is running Turck MMCachebut upgrading MMCache to version 2.3.21 solves the problem.</p><a name="faq1_31"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_31">1.31</a>] Does phpMyAdmin support php5?</h4><p>Yes.<br />However, phpMyAdmin needs to be backwards compatible to php4. This is whyphpMyAdmin disables the <tt>E_STRICT</tt> error_level in<tt>error_reporting</tt> settings.</p><a name="faq1_32"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_32">1.32</a>] Can I use HTTP authentication with IIS?</h4><p>Yes. This procedure was tested with phpMyAdmin 2.6.1, PHP 4.3.9 in ISAPImode under IIS 5.1.</p><ol><li>In your <tt>php.ini</tt> file, set <tt>cgi.rfc2616_headers = 0</tt></li><li>In <tt>Web Site Properties -> File/Directory Security -> Anonymous Access</tt> dialog box, check the <tt>Anonymous access</tt> checkbox and uncheck any other checkboxes (i.e. uncheck <tt>Basic authentication</tt>, <tt>Integrated Windows authentication</tt>, and <tt>Digest</tt> if it's enabled.) Click <tt>OK</tt>. </li><li>In <tt>Custom Errors</tt>, select the range of <tt>401;1</tt> through <tt>401;5</tt> and click the <tt>Set to Default</tt> button. </li></ol><a name="faq1_33"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_33">1.33</a>] Is there a problem with the mysqli extension when running PHP 5.0.4 on 64-bit systems?</h4><p>Yes. This problem affects phpMyAdmin ("Call to undefined function pma_reloadnavigation"), so upgrade your PHP to the next version.</p><a name="faq1_34"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_34">1.34</a>] Can I access directly to database or table pages?</h4><p>Yes. Out of the box, you can use URLs likehttp://server/phpMyAdmin/index.php?db=database&table=table&target=script.Table and script parts are optional. If you wanthttp://server/phpMyAdmin/database[/table][/script] URLs, you need to dosome configuration. Following lines apply only for <ahref="http://httpd.apache.org">Apache</a> web server. First make sure,that you have enabled some features within global configuration. You need<code>Options FollowSymLinks</code> and <code>AllowOverrideFileInfo</code> enabled for directory where phpMyAdmin is installed andyou need mod_rewrite to be enabled. Then you just need to create following<code>.htaccess</code> file in root folder of phpMyAdmin installation(don't forget to change directory name inside of it):</p><pre>RewriteEngine OnRewriteBase /path_to_phpMyAdminRewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2&target=$3 [R]RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&target=$2 [R]RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2 [R]RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1 [R]</pre><a name="faq1_35"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_35">1.35</a>] Can I use HTTP authentication with Apache CGI?</h4><p>Yes. However you need to pass authentication variable to CGI usingfollowing rewrite rule:</p><pre>RewriteEngine OnRewriteRule .* - [E=REMOTE_USER:%{HTTP:Authorization},L]</pre><a name="faq1_36"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq1_36">1.36</a>] I get an error "500 Internal ServerError".</h4><p>There can be many explanations to this and a look at your server'serror log file might give a clue.</p><a name="faqconfig"></a><br /><h3>[2. Configuration]</h3><a name="faq2_1"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq2_1">2.1</a>] The error message "Warning: Cannot add header information -headers already sent by ..." is displayed, what's the problem?</h4><p>Edit your <i>config.inc.php</i> file and ensure there is nothing(I.E. no blank lines, no spaces, no characters...) neither before the<tt><?php</tt> tag at the beginning, neither after the <tt>?></tt>tag at the end.</p><a name="faq2_2"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq2_2">2.2</a>] phpMyAdmin can't connect to MySQL. What's wrong?</h4><p>Either there is an error with your PHP setup or your username/password iswrong. Try to make a small script which uses mysql_connect and see if itworks. If it doesn't, it may be you haven't even compiled MySQL supportinto PHP.</p><a name="faq2_3"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq2_3">2.3</a>] The error message "Warning: MySQL Connection Failed: Can'tconnect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock'(111)..." is displayed. What can I do?</h4><p><br />For RedHat users, Harald Legner suggests this on the mailing list:<br /><br />On my RedHat-Box the socket of MySQL is <i>/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock</i>.In your <i>php.ini</i> you will find a line<br /> <tt>mysql.default_socket = /tmp/mysql.sock</tt><br />change it to<br /> <tt>mysql.default_socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock</tt><br />Then restart apache and it will work.<br /><br />Here is a fix suggested by Brad Ummer:</p><ul><li>First, you need to determine what socket is being used by MySQL.<br />To do this, telnet to your server and go to the MySQL bin directory. Inthis directory there should be a file named <i>mysqladmin</i>. Type<tt>./mysqladmin variables</tt>, and this should give you a bunch ofinfo about your MySQL server, including the socket(<i>/tmp/mysql.sock</i>, for example).</li><li>Then, you need to tell PHP to use this socket.<br /> To do this inphpMyAdmin, you need to complete the socket information in the<i>config.inc.php</i>.<br />For example:<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['socket'] = '/tmp/mysql.sock';</tt><br /><br />Please also make sure that the permissions of this file allow to be readableby your webserver (i.e. '0755').</li></ul><p>Have also a look at the<a href="http://www.mysql.com/doc/C/a/Can_not_connect_to_server.html" target="_blank">corresponding section of the MySQL documentation</a>.</p><a name="faq2_4"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq2_4">2.4</a>] Nothing is displayed by my browser when I try to run phpMyAdmin,what can I do?</h4><p>Try to set the <tt>$cfg['OBGZip']</tt> directive to <tt>FALSE</tt> in thephpMyAdmin configuration file. It helps sometime.<br />Also have a look at your PHP version number: if it contains"4.0b..." it means you're running a beta version of PHP. That'snot a so good idea, please upgrade to a plain revision.</p><a name="faq2_5"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq2_5">2.5</a>] Each time I want to insert or change a record or drop a databaseor a table, an error 404 (page not found) is displayed or, with HTTP orcookie authentication, I'm asked to login again. What's wrong?</h4><p>Check the value you set for the <tt>$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']</tt> directivein the phpMyAdmin configuration file.</p><a name="faq2_6"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq2_6">2.6</a>] I get an "Access denied for user: 'root@localhost' (Usingpassword: YES)"-error when trying to access a MySQL-Server on ahost which is port-forwarded for my localhost.</h4><p>When you are using a port on your localhost, which you redirect viaport-forwarding to another host, MySQL is not resolving the localhostas expected.<br />Erik Wasser explains: The solution is: if your host is "localhost"MySQL (the commandline tool 'mysql' as well) always tries to use the socketconnection for speeding up things. And that doesn't work in this configurationwith port forwarding.<br />If you enter "127.0.0.1" as hostname, everything is right and MySQL uses theTCP connection.</p><a name="faqthemes"></a><h4>[<a href="#faqthemes">2.7</a>] Using and creating themes</h4><p>Themes are configured with <tt>$cfg['ThemePath']</tt>,<tt>$cfg['ThemeManager']</tt> and <tt>$cfg['ThemeDefault']</tt>.<br /><br />Under <tt>$cfg['ThemePath']</tt>, you should not delete the directory"original" or its underlying structure, because this isthe system theme used by phpMyAdmin. "original" contains allimages and styles, for backwards compatibility and for all themes thatwould not include images or css-files.<br /><br />If <tt>$cfg['ThemeManager']</tt> is enabled, you can select yourfavorite theme on the main page. Your selected theme will be storedin a cookie.<br /><br /></p><p>To create a theme:</p><ul><li>make a new subdirectory (for example "your_theme_name") under <tt>$cfg['ThemePath']</tt> (by default <tt>themes</tt>)</li><li>copy the files and directories from "original" to "your_theme_name"</li><li>edit the css-files in "your_theme_name/css"</li><li>put your new images in "your_theme_name/img"</li><li>edit <tt>layout.inc.php</tt> in "your_theme_name"</li><li>edit <tt>info.inc.php</tt> in "your_theme_name" tocontain your chosen theme name, that will be visible in user interface</li><li>make a new screenshot of your theme and save it under "your_theme_name/screen.png"</li></ul><p>In theme directory there is file <tt>info.inc.php</tt> which containstheme verbose name, theme generation and theme version. These versions andgenerations are enumerated from 1 and do not have any direct dependence onphpMyAdmin version. Themes within same generation should be backwardscompatible - theme with version 2 should work in phpMyAdmin requiringversion 1. Themes with different generation are incompatible.</p><p>If you do not want to use your own symbols and buttons, remove thedirectory "img" in "your_theme_name". phpMyAdmin willuse the default icons and buttons (from the system-theme "original").</p><a name="faqmissingparameters"></a><h4>[<a href="#faqmissingparameters">2.8</a>] I get "Missing parameters" errors, what can I do?</h4><p>Here are a few points to check:</p><ul><li>In <tt>config.inc.php</tt>, try to leave the<tt>$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']</tt>directive empty. See also FAQ 4.7.</li><li>Maybe you have a broken PHP installation or you need to upgradeyour Zend Optimizer. See<a href="http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=31134">http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=31134</a>.</li><li>If you are using Hardened PHP with the ini directive <tt>varfilter.max_request_variables</tt>set to the default (200) or another low value, you could get thiserror if your table has a high number of columns. Adjust this settingaccordingly. (Thanks to Klaus Dorninger for the hint).</li><li>In the <tt>php.ini</tt> directive <tt>arg_separator.input</tt>, a valueof ";" will cause this error. Replace it with "&;".</li></ul><a name="faqlimitations"></a><br /><h3>[3. Known limitations]</h3><a name="login_bug"></a><h4>[<a href="#login_bug">3.1</a>] When using HTTP authentication, an user who logged out can notrelogin in with the same nick.</h4><p>This is related to the authentication mechanism (protocol) used byphpMyAdmin. To bypass this problem: just close all the openedbrowser windows and then go back to phpMyAdmin. You should be able tolog in again.</p><a name="faq3_2"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_2">3.2</a>] When dumping a large table in compressed mode, I get a memorylimit error or a time limit error.</h4><p>Compressed dumps are built in memory and because of this are limited tophp's memory limit. For GZip/BZip2 exports this can be overcome since2.5.4 using <tt>$cfg['CompressOnFly']</tt> (enabled by default). Zipexports can not be handled this way, so if you need Zip files for largerdump, you have to use another way.</p><a name="faq3_3"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_3">3.3</a>] With InnoDB tables, I lose foreign key relationships when I renameor alter a table.</h4><p>This seems to be a InnoDB bug (fixed in MySQL 3.23.50?).</p><a name="faq3_4"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_4">3.4</a>] I am unable to import dumps I created with the mysqldump toolbundled with the MySQL server distribution.</h4><p>The problem is that mysqldump creates invalid comments like this:</p><pre>-- MySQL dump 8.22---- Host: localhost Database: database----------------------------------------------------------- Server version 3.23.54</pre><p>The invalid part of the code is the horizontal line made of dashes thatappears once in every dump created with mysqldump. If you want to run yourdump you have to turn it into valid MySQL. This means, you have to add awhitespace after the first two dashes of the line or add a # before it:<br /><code>-- -------------------------------------------------------<br /></code>or<br /><code>#---------------------------------------------------------</code></p><a name="faq3_5"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_5">3.5</a>] When using nested folders ($cfg['LeftFrameTableSeparator']) thereare some multiple hierarchies displayed in a wrong manner?!</h4><p>Please note that you should not use the separating string multiple timeswithout any characters between them, or at the beginning/end of your tablename. If you have to, think about using another TableSeparator or disablingthat feature</p><a name="faq3_6"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_6">3.6</a>] What is currently not supported in phpMyAdmin about InnoDB?</h4><p>In Relation view, being able to choose a table in another database,or having more than one index field in the foreign key.<br /><br/>In Query-by-example (Query), automatic generation of the queryLEFT JOIN from the foreign table.<br /><br/>In PDF schema editing, automatic layout.</p><a name="faq3_7"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_7">3.7</a>] I have table with many (100+) fields and when I try to browse tableI get series of errors like "Warning: unable to parse url". Howcan this be fixed?</h4><p>Your table neither have a primary key nor an unique one, so we must use along expression to identify this row. This causes problems to parse_urlfunction. The workaround is to create a primary or unique key.<br /></p><a name="faq3_8"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_8">3.8</a>] I cannot use (clickable) HTML-forms in fields where I put a <a href="#transformations">MIME-Transformation</a> onto!</h4><p>Due to a surrounding form-container (for multi-row delete checkboxes), no nested forms can be put inside the table wherephpMyAdmin displays the results. You can, however, use any form inside of a table if keep the parent form-container withthe target to tbl_row_delete.php and just put your own input-elements inside. If you use a custom submit input field, theform will submit itself to the displaying page again, where you can validate the $HTTP_POST_VARS in a transformation.For a tutorial on how to effectively use transformations, see our <a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/docs.php">Link section</a>on the official phpMyAdmin-homepage.</p><a name="faq3_9"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_9">3.9</a>] I get error messages when using "--sql_mode=ANSI" for the MySQL server</h4><p>When MySQL is running in ANSI-compatibility mode, there are some major differences in how SQL is structured (see <a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/ANSI_mode.html">http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/ANSI_mode.html</a>). Most important of all, the quote-character (") is interpreted as an identifier quote character and not as a string quote character, which makes many internal phpMyAdmin operations into invalid SQL statements. There is no workaround to this behaviour. News to this item will be posted in Bug report <a href="https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=816858&group_id=23067&atid=377408">#816858</a></p><a name="faq3_10"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_10">3.10</a>] Homonyms and no primary key: When the results of a SELECT displaymore that one column with the same value(for example <tt>SELECT lastname from employees where firstname like 'A%'</tt> and two "Smith" values are displayed),if I click Edit I cannot be sure that I am editing the intended row.</h4><p>Please make sure that your table has a primary key, so that phpMyAdmincan use it for the Edit and Delete links.</p><a name="faq3_11"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_11">3.11</a>] The number of records for InnoDB tables is not correct.</h4><p>phpMyAdmin uses a quick method to get the row count, and this methodonly returns an approximate count in the case of InnoDB tables. See<tt>$cfg['MaxExactCount']</tt> for a way to modify those results, butthis could have a serious impact on performance.</p><a name="faq3_12"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_12">3.12</a>] What are the phpMyAdmin limitations for MySQL 3?</h4><p>The number of records in queries containing COUNT and GROUP BY isnot correctly calculated. Also, sorting results of a query like"SELECT * from table GROUP BY" ... is problematic.</p><a name="faq3_13"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq3_13">3.13</a>] I get an error when entering <tt>USE</tt> followed by a db namecontaining an hyphen.</h4><p>The tests I have made with current MySQL 4.1.11 API shows that theAPI does not accept this syntax for the USE command. Enclosing thedb name with backquotes works. For further confusion, no backquotesare needed with command-line mysql.</p><a name="faqmultiuser"></a><br /><h3>[4. ISPs, multi-user installations ]</h3><a name="faq4_1"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq4_1">4.1</a>] I'm an ISP. Can I setup one central copy of phpMyAdmin or do Ineed to install it for each customer.</h4><p>Since version 2.0.3, you can setup a central copy of phpMyAdmin for allyour users. The development of this feature was kindly sponsored byNetCologne GmbH.This requires a properly setup MySQL user management and phpMyAdminHTTP or cookie authentication. See the install section on"Using HTTP authentication".</p><a name="faq4_2"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq4_2">4.2</a>] What's the preferred way of making phpMyAdmin secure against evilaccess.</h4><p>This depends on your system.<br />If you're running a server which cannot be accessed by other people, it'ssufficient to use the directory protection bundled with your webserver(with Apache you can use <i>.htaccess</i> files, for example).<br />If other people have telnet access to your server, you should usephpMyAdmin's HTTP or cookie authentication features.<br /><br />Suggestions:</p><ul><li>Your <i>config.inc.php</i> file should be <tt>chmod 660</tt>.</li><li>All your phpMyAdmin files should be chown -R phpmy.apache, where phpmyis a user whose password is only known to you, and apache is thegroup under which Apache runs.</li><li>You should use PHP safe mode, to protect from other users that tryto include your <i>config.inc.php</i> in their scripts.</li></ul><a name="faq4_3"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq4_3">4.3</a>] I get errors about not being able to include a file in<i>/lang</i> or in <i>/libraries</i>.</h4><p>Check <i>php.ini</i>, or ask your sysadmin to check it. The<tt>include_path</tt> must contain "." somewhere in it, and<tt>open_basedir</tt>, if used, must contain "." and"./lang" to allow normal operation of phpMyAdmin.</p><a name="faq4_4"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq4_4">4.4</a>] phpMyAdmin always gives "Access denied" when using HTTPauthentication.</h4><p>This could happen for several reasons:</p><ul><li><tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']</tt> and/or<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']</tt> are wrong.</li><li>The username/password you specify in the login-dialog are invalid.</li><li>You have already setup a security mechanism for thephpMyAdmin-directory, eg. a .htaccess file. This would interfere withphpMyAdmin's authentication, so remove it.</li></ul><a name="faq4_5"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq4_5">4.5</a>] Is it possible to let users create their own databases?</h4><p>Starting with 2.2.5, in the user management page, you can enter a wildcarddatabase name for a user (for example "joe%"),and put the privileges you want. For example,adding <tt>SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER</tt>would let a user create/manage his/her database(s).</p><a name="faq4_6"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq4_6">4.6</a>] How can I use the Host-based authentication additions?</h4><p>If you have existing rules from an old .htaccess file, you can take themand add a username between the <tt>'deny'</tt>/<tt>'allow'</tt> and<tt>'from'</tt> strings. Using the username wildcard of <tt>'%'</tt> wouldbe a major benefit here if your installation is suited to using it. Thenyou can just add those updated lines into the<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']</tt> array.<br /><br />If you want a pre-made sample, you can try this fragment. It stops the'root' user from logging in from any networks other than the privatenetwork IP blocks.<br /><tt> //block root from logging in except from the private networks<br /> $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order'] = 'deny,allow';<br /> $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules'] = array(<br /> 'deny root from all',<br /> 'allow root from localhost',<br /> 'allow root from 10.0.0.0/8',<br /> 'allow root from 192.168.0.0/16',<br /> 'allow root from 172.16.0.0/12',<br /> );</tt></p><a name="faq4_7"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq4_7">4.7</a>] Authentication window is displayed more than once, why?</h4><p>This happens if you are using a URL to start phpMyAdmin which isdifferent than the one set in your <tt>$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']</tt>.For example, a missing "www", or entering with an IP addresswhile a domain name is defined in the config file.</p><a name="faqbrowsers"></a><br /><h3>[5. Browsers or client OS]</h3><a name="faq5_1"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_1">5.1</a>] I get an out of memory error, and my controls are non-functional,when trying to create a table with more than 14 fields.</h4><p>We could reproduce this problem only under Win98/98SE. Testing underWinNT4 or Win2K, we could easily create more than 60 fields.<br />A workaround is to create a smaller number of fields, then come back toyour table properties and add the other fields.</p><a name="faq5_2"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_2">5.2</a>] With Xitami 2.5b4, phpMyAdmin won't process form fields.</h4><p>This is not a phpMyAdmin problem but a Xitami known bug: you'll face itwith each script/website that use forms.<br />Upgrade or downgrade your Xitami server.</p><a name="faq5_3"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_3">5.3</a>] I have problems dumping tables with Konqueror (phpMyAdmin 2.2.2).</h4><p>With Konqueror 2.1.1: plain dumps, zip and GZip dumps work ok, except thatthe proposed file name for the dump is always 'tbl_dump.php'. Bzip2 dumpsdon't seem to work.<br />With Konqueror 2.2.1: plain dumps work; zip dumps are placed intothe user's temporary directory, so they must be moved before closingKonqueror, or else they disappear. GZip dumps give an error message.<br />Testing needs to be done for Konqueror 2.2.2.<br /></p><a name="faq5_4"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_4">5.4</a>] I can't use the cookie authentication mode because InternetExplorer never stores the cookies.</h4><p>MS Internet Explorer seems to be really buggy about cookies, at least tillversion 6. And thanks to Andrew Zivolup we've traced also a PHP 4.1.1 bugin this area!<br />Then, if you're running PHP 4.1.1, try to upgrade or downgrade... it maywork!</p><a name="faq5_5"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_5">5.5</a>] In Internet Explorer 5.0, I get JavaScript errors when browsing myrows.</h4><p>Upgrade to at least Internet Explorer 5.5 SP2.<br /></p><a name="faq5_6"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_6">5.6</a>] In Internet Explorer 5.0, 5.5 or 6.0, I get an error (like "Page not found")when trying to modify a row in a table with many fields, or with a text field</h4><p>Your table neither have a primary key nor an unique one, so we must use along URL to identify this row. There is a limit on the length of the URL inthose browsers, and this not happen in Netscape, for example. Theworkaround is to create a primary or unique key, or use another browser.<br /></p><a name="faq5_7"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_7">5.7</a>] I refresh (reload) my browser, and come back to the welcomepage.</h4><p>Some browsers support right-clicking into the frame you want to refresh,just do this in the right frame.<br /></p><a name="faq5_8"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_8">5.8</a>] With Mozilla 0.9.7 I have problems sending a query modified in thequery box.</h4><p>Looks like a Mozilla bug: 0.9.6 was OK. We will keep an eye on futureMozilla versions.<br /></p><a name="faq5_9"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_9">5.9</a>] With Mozilla 0.9.? to 1.0 and Netscape 7.0-PR1 I can't type awhitespace in the SQL-Query edit area: the page scrolls down.</h4><p>This is a Mozilla bug (see bug #26882 at<a href="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/" target="_blank">BugZilla</a>).<br /></p><a name="faq5_10"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_10">5.10</a>] With Netscape 4.75 I get empty rows between each row of data in aCSV exported file.</h4><p>This is a known Netscape 4.75 bug: it adds some line feeds when exportingdata in octet-stream mode. Since we can't detect the specific Netscapeversion, we cannot workaround this bug.</p><a name="faq5_11"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_11">5.11</a>] Extended-ASCII characters like German umlauts are displayedwrong.</h4><p>Please ensure that you have set your browser's character set to the one of thelanguage file you have selected on phpMyAdmin's start page.Alternatively, you can try the auto detection mode that is supported by therecent versions of the most browsers.</p><a name="faq5_12"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_12">5.12</a>] Apple OS X: Safari browser changes special characters to"?".</h4><p>This issue has been reported by a OS X user, who adds that Chimera,Netscape and Mozilla do not have this problem.</p><a name="faq5_13"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_13">5.13</a>] With Internet Explorer 5.5 or 6, and HTTP authentication type,I cannot manage two servers: I login to the first one, then the other one,but if I switch back to the first, I have to login on each operation.</h4><p>This is a bug in Internet Explorer, other browsers do not behave this way.</p><a name="faq5_14"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_14">5.14</a>] Using Opera6, I can manage to get to the authentication, but nothinghappens after that, only a blank screen.</h4><p>Having $cfg['QueryFrameJS'] set to <tt>TRUE</tt>, this leads to a bug in Opera6, because itis not able to interpret frameset definitions written by JavaScript. Please upgradeto Opera7 at least.</p><a name="faq5_15"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_15">5.15</a>] I have display problems with Safari.</h4><p>Please upgrade to at least version 1.2.3.</p><a name="faq5_16"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_16">5.16</a>] With Internet Explorer, I get "Access is denied"Javascript errors. Or I cannot make phpMyAdmin work under Windows.</h4><p>Please check the following points:</p><ul><li>Maybe you have defined your <tt>PmaAbsoluteUri</tt> settingin <tt>config.inc.php</tt> to an IP address and you are startingphpMyAdmin with a URL containing a domain name, or the reverse situation.</li><li>Security settings in IE and/or Microsoft Security Center aretoo high, thus blocking scripts execution.</li><li>The Windows Firewall is blocking Apache and MySQL. You mustallow http ports (80 or 443) and MySQL port (usually 3306)in the "in" and "out" directions.</li></ul><a name="faq5_17"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq5_17">5.17</a>] With Firefox, I cannot delete rows of data or drop a database.</h4><p> Many users have confirmed that the Tabbrowser Extensions plugin theyinstalled in their Firefox is causing the problem.</p><a name="faqusing"></a><br /><h3>[6. Using phpMyAdmin]</h3><a name="faq6_1"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_1">6.1</a>] I can't insert new rows into a table / I can't create a table- MySQL brings up a SQL-error.</h4><p>Examine the SQL error with care. Often the problem is caused byspecifying a wrong field-type.<br />Common errors include:</p><ul><li>Using <tt>VARCHAR</tt> without a size argument</li><li>Using <tt>TEXT</tt> or <tt>BLOB</tt> with a size argument</li></ul><p>Also, look at the syntax chapter in the MySQL manual to confirm that yoursyntax is correct.</p><a name="faq6_2"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_2">6.2</a>] When I create a table, I click the Index checkbox for 2 fields andphpMyAdmin generates only one index with those 2 fields.</h4><p>In phpMyAdmin 2.2.0 and 2.2.1, this is the way to create a multi-fieldsindex. If you want two indexes, create the first one when creating thetable, save, then display the table properties and click the Index link tocreate the other index.</p><a name="faq6_3"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_3">6.3</a>] How can I insert a null value into my table?</h4><p>Since version 2.2.3, you have a checkbox for each field that can be null.Before 2.2.3, you had to enter "null", without the quotes, as thefield's value. Since version 2.5.5, you have to use the checkbox to geta real NULL value, so if you enter "NULL" this means you wanta literal NULL in the field, and not a NULL value (this works in PHP4).</p><a name="faq6_4"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_4">6.4</a>] How can I backup my database or table?</h4><p>Click on a database or table name in the left frame, the properties will bedisplayed. Then on the menu, click "Export", you can dumpthe structure, the data, or both. This will generate standard SQLstatements that can be used to recreate your database/table.<br /><br />You will need to choose "Save as file", so that phpMyAdmin cantransmit the resulting dump to your station. Depending on your PHPconfiguration, you will see options to compress the dump. See also the<tt>$cfg['ExecTimeLimit']</tt> configuration variable.<br /><br />For additional help on this subject, look for the word "dump" inthis document.</p><a name="faq6_5"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_5">6.5</a>] How can I restore (upload) my database or table using a dump?How can I run a ".sql" file?</h4><p>Click on a database name in the left frame, the properties will bedisplayed. Select "Import" from the listof tabs in the right–hand frame (or "SQL" if your phpMyAdminversion is older than 2.7.0). In the "Location of the text file" section, type inthe path to your dump filename, or use the Browse button. Then click Go.<br /><br />With version 2.7.0, the import engine has been re–written, if possible it is suggestedthat you upgrade to take advantage of the new features.<br /><br />For additional help on this subject, look for the word "upload"in this document.</p><a name="faq6_6"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_6">6.6</a>] How can I use the relation table in Query-by-example?</h4><p>Here is an example with the tables persons, towns and countries, alllocated in the database mydb. If you don't have a <tt>pma_relation</tt>table, create it as explained in the configuration section. Then create theexample tables:<br /><br /><tt> CREATE TABLE REL_countries (<br /> country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '',<br /> description varchar(10) NOT NULL default '',<br /> PRIMARY KEY (country_code)<br /> ) TYPE=MyISAM;<br /><br /> INSERT INTO REL_countries VALUES ('C', 'Canada');<br /><br /> CREATE TABLE REL_persons (<br /> id tinyint(4) NOT NULL auto_increment,<br /> person_name varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',<br /> town_code varchar(5) default '0',<br /> country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '',<br /> PRIMARY KEY (id)<br /> ) TYPE=MyISAM;<br /><br /> INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (11, 'Marc', 'S', '');<br /> INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (15, 'Paul', 'S', 'C');<br /><br /> CREATE TABLE REL_towns (<br /> town_code varchar(5) NOT NULL default '0',<br /> description varchar(30) NOT NULL default '',<br /> PRIMARY KEY (town_code)<br /> ) TYPE=MyISAM;<br /><br /> INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('S', 'Sherbrooke');<br /> INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('M', 'Montréal');<br /><br /></tt>To setup appropriate links and display information:</p><ul><li>on table "REL_persons" click Structure, then Relation view</li><li>in Links, for "town_code" choose "REL_towns->code"</li><li>in Links, for "country_code" choose "REL_countries->country_code"</li><li>on table "REL_towns" click Structure, then Relation view</li><li>in "Choose field to display", choose "description"</li><li>repeat the two previous steps for table "REL_countries"</li></ul><p>Then test like this:</p><ul><li>Click on your db name in the left frame</li><li>Choose "Query"</li><li>Use tables: persons, towns, countries</li><li>Click "Update query"</li><li>In the fields row, choose persons.person_name and click the"Show" tickbox </li><li>Do the same for towns.description and countries.descriptions in theother 2 columns</li><li>Click "Update query" and you will see in the query box thatthe correct joins have been generated</li><li>Click "Submit query"</li></ul><a name="faqdisplay"></a><h4>[<a href="#faqdisplay">6.7</a>] How can I use the "display field" feature?</h4><p>Starting from the previous example, create the pma_table_info as explainedin the configuration section, then browse your persons table,and move the mouse over a town code or country code.<br /><br />See also <a href="#faq6_21">FAQ 6.21</a> for an additional feature that "display field"enables: drop-down list of possible values.</p><a name="faqpdf"></a><h4>[<a href="#faqpdf">6.8</a>] How can I produce a PDF schema of my database?</h4><p>First the configuration variables "relation","table_coords" and "pdf_pages" have to be filled in.<br /><br />Then you need to think about your schema layout. Which tables will go onwhich pages?</p><ul><li>Select your database in the left frame.</li><li>Choose "Operations" in the navigation bar at the top.</li><li>Choose "Edit PDF Pages" near the bottom of the page.</li><li>Enter a name for the first PDF page and click Go. If you like, youcan use the "automatic layout," which will put all yourlinked tables onto the new page.</li><li>Select the name of the new page (making sure the Edit radio buttonis selected) and click Go.</li><li>Select a table from the list, enter its coordinates and click Save.<br />Coordinates are relative; your diagram willbe automatically scaled to fit the page. When initially placing tableson the page, just pick any coordinates -- say, 50x50. After clickingSave, you can then use the <a href="#wysiwyg">graphical editor</a> toposition the element correctly.</li><li>When you'd like to look at your PDF, first be sure to click the Savebutton beneath the list of tables and coordinates, to save any changesyou made there. Then scroll all the way down, select the PDF optionsyou want, and click Go.</li><li>Internet Explorer for Windows may suggest an incorrect filename whenyou try to save a generated PDF. When saving a generated PDF, besure that the filename ends in ".pdf", for example"schema.pdf". Browsers on other operating systems, and otherbrowsers on Windows, do not have this problem.</li></ul><a name="faq6_9"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_9">6.9</a>] phpMyAdmin is changing the type of one of my columns!</h4><p>No, it's MySQL that is doing<a href="http://www.mysql.com/doc/S/i/Silent_column_changes.html">silent column type changing</a>.</p><a name="underscore"></a><h4>[<a href="#underscore">6.10</a>] When creating a privilege, what happens with underscores inthe database name?</h4><p>If you do not put a backslash before the underscore, this is a wildcardgrant, and the underscore means "any character". So, if thedatabase name is "john_db", the user would get rights to john1db,john2db...<br /><br />If you put a backslash before the underscore, it means that the databasename will have a real underscore.</p><a name="faq6_11"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_11">6.11</a>] What is the curious symbol ø in the statistics pages?</h4><p>It means "average".</p><a name="faqexport"></a><h4>[<a href="#faqexport">6.12</a>] I want to understand some Export options.</h4><p><b>Structure:</b></p><ul><li>"Add DROP TABLE" will add a line telling MySQL to<a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/drop-table.html">drop the table</a>,if it already exists during the import. It does NOT drop the table afteryour export, it only affects the import file.</li><li>"If Not Exists" will only create the table if it doesn't exist. Otherwise,you may get an error if the table name exists but has a different structure.</li><li>"Add AUTO_INCREMENT value" ensures that AUTO_INCREMENT value(if any) will be included in backup.</li><li>"Enclose table and field names with backquotes" ensures thatfield and table names formed with special characters are protected.</li><li>"Add into comments" includes column comments, relations, and MIMEtypes set in the pmadb in the dump as SQL comments (<i>/* xxx */</i>).</li></ul><p><b>Data:</b></p><ul><li>"Complete inserts" adds the column names on every INSERT command,for better documentation (but resulting file is bigger).</li><li>"Extended inserts" provides a shorter dump file by using onlyonce the INSERT verb and the table name.</li><li>"Delayed inserts" are best explained in the<a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/insert-delayed.html">MySQL manual</a>.</li><li>"Ignore inserts" treats errors as a warning instead. Again, more infois provided in the <a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/insert.html">MySQLmanual</a>, but basically with this selected, invalid values are adjusted and insertedrather than causing the entire statement to fail.</li></ul><a name="faq6_13"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_13">6.13</a>] I would like to create a database with a dot in its name.</h4><p>This is a bad idea, because in MySQL the syntax "database.table"is the normal way to reference a database and table name. Worse, MySQLwill usually let you create a database with a dot, but then you cannotwork with it, nor delete it.<br /></p><a name="faqsqlvalidator"></a><h4>[<a href="#faqsqlvalidator">6.14</a>] How do I set up the SQL Validator?</h4><p>To use it, you need a very recent version of PHP, 4.3.0 recommended, withXML, PCRE and PEAR support. On your system command line, run<tt>"pear install Net_Socket Net_URL HTTP_Request Mail_Mime Net_DIMESOAP"</tt> to get the necessary PEAR modules for usage.<br />On a more recent pear version, I had problems with the state of Net_DIMEbeing beta, so this single command<tt>"pear -d preferred_state=beta install -a SOAP"</tt> installedall the needed modules.<br />If you use the Validator, you should be aware that any SQL statement yousubmit will be stored anonymously (database/table/column names,strings, numbers replaced with generic values). The Mimer SQLValidator itself, is © 2001 Upright Database Technology.We utilize it as free SOAP service.</p><a name="faq6_15"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_15">6.15</a>] I want to add a BLOB field and put an index on it, but MySQLsays "BLOB column '...' used in key specification without a keylength".</h4><p>The right way to do this, is to create the field without any indexes,then display the table structure and use the "Create an index"dialog. On this page, you will be able to choose your BLOB field, andset a size to the index, which is the condition to create an index ona BLOB field.<br /></p><a name="faq6_16"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_16">6.16</a>] How can I simply move in page with plenty editing fields?</h4><p>You can use Ctrl+arrows (Option+Arrows in Safari) for moving on most pageswith many editing fields (table structure changes, row editing, etc.)(must be enabled in configuration - see.<a href="#CtrlArrowsMoving">$cfg['CtrlArrowsMoving']</a>). You can also havea look at the directive<a href="#DefaultPropDisplay">$cfg['DefaultPropDisplay']</a> ('vertical') andsee if this eases up editing for you.<br /></p><a name="faq6_17"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_17">6.17</a>] Transformations: I can't enter my own mimetype! WTF is this featurethen useful for?</h4><p>Slow down :). Defining mimetypes is of no use, if you can't put transformations on them.Otherwise you could just put a comment on the field. Because entering your own mimetype willcause serious syntax checking issues and validation, this introduces a high-risk false-user-inputsituation. Instead you have to initialize mimetypes using functions or empty mimetype definitions.<br />Plus, you have a whole overview of available mimetypes. Who knows all those mimetypes by heart sohe/she can enter it at will?<br /></p><a name="faqbookmark"></a><h4>[<a href="#faqbookmark">6.18</a>] Bookmarks: Where can I store bookmarks? Why can't I see any bookmarks below the query box?What is this variable for?</h4><p>Any query you have executed can be stored as a bookmark on the page where the results are displayed.You will find a button labeled 'Bookmark this query' just at the end of the page.<br />As soon as you have stored a bookmark, it is related to the database you run the query on. You cannow access a bookmark dropdown on each page, the query box appears on for that database.<br /><br />Since phpMyAdmin 2.5.0 you are also able to store variables for the bookmarks. Just use the string<b>/*[VARIABLE]*/</b> anywhere in your query. Everything which is put into the <i>value</i> inputbox on the query box page will replace the string "/*[VARIABLE]*/" in your stored query.Just be aware of that you HAVE to create a valid query, otherwise your query won't be even able to bestored in the database.<br />Also remember, that everything else inside the <b>/*[VARIABLE]*/</b> string for your query will remainthe way it is, but will be stripped of the /**/ chars. So you can use:<br /><br /><code>/*, [VARIABLE] AS myname */</code><br /><br />which will be expanded to<br /><br /><code>, VARIABLE as myname</code><br /><br />in your query, where VARIABLE is the string you entered in the input box. If an empty string isprovided, no replacements are made.<br /><br />A more complex example. Say you have stored this query:<br /><br /><code>SELECT Name, Address FROM addresses WHERE 1 /* AND Name LIKE '%[VARIABLE]%' */</code><br /><br />Say, you now enter "phpMyAdmin" as the variable for the stored query, the full query willbe:<br /><br /><code>SELECT Name, Address FROM addresses WHERE 1 AND Name LIKE '%phpMyAdmin%'</code><br /><br />You can use multiple occurrences of <b>/*[VARIABLE]*/</b> in a single query.<br /><b>NOTE THE ABSENCE OF SPACES</b> inside the "/**/" construct. Any spaces inserted therewill be later also inserted as spaces in your query and may lead to unexpected results especially whenusing the variable expansion inside of a "LIKE ''" expression.<br />Your initial query which is going to be stored as a bookmark has to yield at least one result row soyou can store the bookmark. You may have that to work around using well positioned "/**/"comments.<br /></p><a name="faq6_19"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_19">6.19</a>] How can I create simple LaTeX document to include exported table?</h4><p>You can simply include table in your LaTeX documents, minimal sampledocument should look like following one (assuming you have tableexported in file <code>table.tex</code>):</p><pre>\documentclass{article} % or any class you want\usepackage{longtable} % for displaying table\begin{document} % start of document\include{table} % including exported table\end{document} % end of document</pre><a name="faq6_20"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_20">6.20</a>] In MySQL 4, I see a lot of databases which are not mine, and cannotaccess them.</h4><p>Upgrading to MySQL 4 usually gives users those global privileges: CREATETEMPORARY TABLES, SHOW DATABASES, LOCK TABLES. Those privileges alsoenable users to see all the database names.See this <a href="http://bugs.mysql.com/179">bug report</a>. <br /><br />So if your users do not need those privileges, you can remove them and theirdatabases list will shorten.</p><a name="faq6_21"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_21">6.21</a>] In edit/insert mode, how can I see a list of possible values fora field, based on some foreign table?</h4><p>You have to setup appropriate links between the tables, and alsosetup the "display field" in the foreign table. See <a href="#faq6_6">FAQ6.6</a> for an example. Then, if there are 200 values or less in theforeign table, a drop-down list of values will be available.You will see two lists of values, the first list containing the keyand the display field, the second list containing the display fieldand the key. The reason for this is to be able to type the firstletter of either the key or the display field.<br /><br />For 200 values or more, a distinct window will appear, to browse foreignkey values and choose one.</p><a name="faq6_22"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_22">6.22</a>] Bookmarks: Can I execute a default bookmark automaticallywhen entering Browse mode for a table?</h4><p>Yes. If a bookmark has the same label as a table name, it will beexecuted.</p><a name="faq6_23"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_23">6.23</a>] Export: I heard phpMyAdmin can export Microsoft Excel files, howcan I enable that?</h4><p>Current version does support direct export to Microsoft Excel and Wordversions 2000 and newer. If you need export older versions, you can useCSV suitable for Microsoft Excel, which works out of the box or you cantry native <b>experimental</b> MS Excel exporter. <b>This export hasseveral problems, most important are limitation of cell content to 255chars and no support for charsets, so think carefully whether you want toenable this.</b>. For enabling this you need to set $cfg['TempDir'] toplace where web server user can write (for example <tt>'./tmp'</tt>) andinstall PEAR module Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer into php include path. Theinstallation can be done by following command:</p><pre>pear -d preferred_state=beta install -a Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer</pre><p>First part of switches set we want to install beta version of that module(no stable version available yet) and then we tell pear we want to satisfydependencies.</p><p>If you are running in PHP safe mode, you will have to setin <tt>php.ini</tt> the <tt>safe_mode_include_dir</tt> to the directorywhere your PEAR modules are located, for example:</p><pre>safe_mode_include_dir = /usr/local/lib/php</pre><p>To create the temporary directory on a UNIX-based system, you can do:</p><pre>cd phpMyAdminmkdir tmpchmod o+rwx tmp</pre><a name="faq6_24"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq6_24">6.24</a>] Now that phpMyAdmin supports native MySQL 4.1.x column comments,what happens to my column comments stored in pmadb?</h4><p> Automatic migration of a table's pmadb-style column comments to the nativeones is done whenever you enter Structure page for this table.</p><a name="faqproject"></a><br /><h3>[7. phpMyAdmin project]</h3><a name="faq7_1"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq7_1">7.1</a>] I have found a bug. How do I inform developers?</h4><p>Our Bug Tracker is located at<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpmyadmin/">http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpmyadmin/</a>under the Bugs section.<br /><br />But please first discuss your bug with other users:<br /><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpmyadmin/">http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpmyadmin/</a> (and choose Forums)</p><a name="faq7_2"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq7_2">7.2</a>] I want to translate the messages to a new language or upgrade anexisting language, where do I start?</h4><p>Always use the current CVS version of your language file.For a new language, start from <i>english-iso-8859-1.inc.php</i>. If youdon't know how to get the CVS version, please ask one of the developers.<br />Please note that we try not to use HTML entities like &eacute; inthe translations, since we define the right character set in the file.With HTML entities, the text on JavaScript messages would notdisplay correctly.However there are some entities that need to be there, for quotes,non-breakable spaces, ampersands, less than, greater than.<br />You can then put your translations, as a zip file to avoid losing specialcharacters, on the sourceforge.net translation tracker.<br />It would be a good idea to subscribe to the phpmyadmin-translators mailinglist, because this is where we ask for translations of new messages.<br /></p><a name="faq7_3"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq7_3">7.3</a>] I would like to help out with the development of phpMyAdmin. Howshould I proceed?</h4><p>The following method is preferred for new developers:</p><ol><li>fetch the current CVS tree over anonymous CVS:<br /><tt>cvs -d:pserver:anonymous@phpmyadmin.cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/phpmyadmin login</tt><br />[Password: simply press the Enter key]<br /><tt>cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@phpmyadmin.cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/phpmyadmin checkout phpMyAdmin</tt><br />[This will create a new sub-directory named phpMyAdmin]</li><li>add your stuff</li><li>put the modified files (tar'ed and gzip'ed) inside the patch tracker ofthe<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpmyadmin/" target="_blank">phpMyAdmin SourceForge account</a>.</li></ol><p>Write access to the CVS tree is granted only to experienced developers whohave already contributed something useful to phpMyAdmin.<br />Also, have a look at the<a href="#developers">Developers section</a>.</p><a name="faqsecurity"></a><br /><h3>[8. Security ]</h3><a name="faq8_1"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq8_1">8.1</a>] Security alert, dated 2003-06-18.</h4><p>Last update of this FAQ: 2003-07-22.<br /><br />The phpMyAdmin development team received notice of this security alert:<a href="http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/325641" target="_blank">http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/325641.</a><br /><br />The team regrets that the author did not communicate with us beforesending this alert. However, here is our current reply to the points mentioned:</p><ul><li>"Directory transversal attack"<br /><br />This problem had been fixed in version 2.5.0, even if the author reportsthe 2.5.2 development version as vulnerable, which we could not reproduce.<br /><br /></li><li>"Remote local file retrieving"<br /><br />This is a misleading title, as the author tells in his text:"Note that you can't request files ( only dirs )".<br /><br /></li><li>"Remote internal directory listing"<br /><br />It was possible to retrieve the list of phpMyAdmin's directory (which wedoubt can cause any damage), but we fixed this in the2.5.2 version.<br /><br /></li><li>"XSS and Path disclosures"<br /><br />Most of the XSS problems have been fixed in version 2.5.0. The resthave been fixed in the 2.5.2 version.<br /><br />We believe that the Path disclosures problems have also been fixedin version 2.5.2.<br /><br /></li><li>"Information encoding weakness"<br /><br />We believe that an exploit for this weakness would be difficultto achieve. However version 2.5.2 now encrypts the passwordwith the well-known blowfish algorithm.<br /><br /></li></ul><a name="faq8_2"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq8_2">8.2</a>] Security alert, dated 2004-06-29.</h4><p>Last update of this FAQ: 2004-06-30.<br /><br />The phpMyAdmin development team received notice of this security alert:<a href="http://securityfocus.com/archive/1/367486/2004-06-26/2004-07-02/0" target="_blank">http://securityfocus.com/archive/1/367486/2004-06-26/2004-07-02/0</a><br /><br />We would like to put emphasis on the disappointment we feel when abugreporter does not contact the authors of a software first, beforeposting any exploits. The common way to report this, is to give thedevelopers a reasonable amount of time to respond to an exploit beforeit is made public.<br /><br />We acknowledge that phpMyAdmin versions 2.5.1 to 2.5.7 are vulnerableto this problem, if each of the following conditions are met:</p><ul><li>The Web server hosting phpMyAdmin is not running in safe mode.</li><li>In config.inc.php, <tt>$cfg['LeftFrameLight']</tt> is set to FALSE(the default value of this parameter is <tt>TRUE</tt>).</li><li>There is no firewall blocking requests from the Web server to theattacking host.</li></ul><p><br />Version 2.5.7-pl1 was released with a fix for this vulnerability.</p><a name="faq8_3"></a><h4>[<a href="#faq8_3">8.3</a>] About new security alerts</h4><p>Please refer to<a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net">http://www.phpmyadmin.net</a>for the complete list of security alerts.</p><!-- DEVELOPERS --><a name="developers"></a><br /><h2>Developers Information</h2><p>phpMyAdmin is Open Source, so you're invited to contribute to it. Manygreat features have been written by other people and you too can help tomake phpMyAdmin a useful tool.</p><p>If you're planning to contribute source, please read the followinginformation:</p><ul><li>All files include <i>libraries/header.inc.php</i> (layout),.<i>libraries/common.lib.php</i> (common functions) and<i>config.inc.php</i>.<br />Only configuration data should go in <i>config.inc.php</i>. Please keepit free from other code.<br />Commonly used functions should be added to<i>libraries/common.lib.php</i> and more specific ones may be addedwithin a library stored into the <i>libraries</i> sub-directory.</li><li>Obviously, you're free to use whatever coding style you want. Butplease try to keep your code as simple as possible: beginners areusing phpMyAdmin as an example application.<br />As far as possible, we want the scripts to be XHTML1.0 and CSS2compliant on one hand, they fit the<a href="http://pear.php.net/" target="_blank">PEAR coding standards</a>on the other hand. Please pay attention to this.</li><li>Please try to keep up the file-naming conventions. Table-related stuffgoes to <i>tbl_*.php</i>, db-related code to <i>db_*.php</i>,server-related tools to <i>server_*.php</i> and so on.</li><li>Please don't use verbose strings in your code, instead add the string(at least) to <i>english-iso-8859-1.inc.php</i> and print() it out.</li><li>If you want to be really helpful, write an entry for the ChangeLog.</li><li id="developersdbg">The DBG extension (<a href="http://dd.cron.ru/dbg/" target="_blank">PHPDebugger DBG</a>) is now supported by phpMyAdmin for developers tobetter debug and profile their code.<br />Please see the <tt>$cfg['DBG']*</tt> configuration options for moreinformation.<br />This is in memoriam of the Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-107) which waslost during its re-entry into Earth's atmosphere and in memory of thebrave men and women who gave their lives for the people of Earth.</li></ul><!-- CREDITS --><a name="credits"></a><br /><h2>Credits</h2><pre>phpMyAdmin - Credits====================CREDITS, in chronological order-------------------------------- Tobias Ratschiller <tobias_at_ratschiller.com>* creator of the phpmyadmin project* maintainer from 1998 to summer 2000- Marc Delisle <Marc.Delisle_at_cegepsherbrooke.qc.ca>* multi-language version* various fixes and improvements* SQL analyser (most of it)* current project maintainer- Olivier Müller <om_at_omnis.ch>* started SourceForge phpMyAdmin project in March 2001* sync'ed different existing CVS trees with new features and bugfixes* multi-language improvements, dynamic language selection* current project maintainer* many bugfixes and improvements- Loïc Chapeaux <lolo_at_phpheaven.net>* rewrote and optimized javascript, DHTML and DOM stuff* rewrote the scripts so they fit the PEAR coding standards andgenerate XHTML1.0 and CSS2 compliant codes* improved the language detection system* many bugfixes and improvements- Robin Johnson <robbat2_at_users.sourceforge.net>* database maintenance controls* table type code* Host authentication IP Allow/Deny* DB-based configuration (Not completed)* SQL parser and pretty-printer* SQL validator* many bugfixes and improvements- Armel Fauveau <armel.fauveau_at_globalis-ms.com>* bookmarks feature* multiple dump feature* gzip dump feature* zip dump feature- Geert Lund <glund_at_silversoft.dk>* various fixes* moderator of the phpMyAdmin former users forum at phpwizard.net- Korakot Chaovavanich <korakot_at_iname.com>* "insert as new row" feature- Pete Kelly <webmaster_at_trafficg.com>* rewrote and fix dump code* bugfixes- Steve Alberty <alberty_at_neptunlabs.de>* rewrote dump code for PHP4* mySQL table statistics* bugfixes- Benjamin Gandon <gandon_at_isia.cma.fr>* main author of the version 2.1.0.1* bugfixes- Alexander M. Turek <me_at_derrabus.de>* MySQL 4.0 / 4.1 / 5.0 compatibility* abstract database interface (PMA_DBI) with MySQLi support* privileges administration* XML exports* various features and fixes* German language file updates- Mike Beck <mike.beck_at_web.de>* automatic joins in QBE* links column in printview* Relation view- Michal Čihař <michal_at_cihar.com>* enhanced index creation/display feature* feature to use a different charset for HTML than for MySQL* improvements of export feature* various features and fixes* Czech language file updates- Christophe Gesché from the "MySQL Form Generator for PHPMyAdmin"(http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpmysqlformgen/)* suggested the patch for multiple table printviews- Garvin Hicking <me_at_supergarv.de>* built the patch for vertical display of table rows* built the Javascript based Query window + SQL history* Improvement of column/db comments* (MIME)-Transformations for columns* Use custom alias names for Databases in left frame* hierarchical/nested table display* PDF-scratchboard for WYSIWYG-distribution of PDF relations* new icon sets* vertical display of column properties page* some bugfixes, features, support, German language additions- Yukihiro Kawada <kawada_at_den.fujifilm.co.jp>* japanese kanji encoding conversion feature- Piotr Roszatycki <d3xter_at_users.sourceforge.net> and Dan Wilson* the Cookie authentication mode- Axel Sander <n8falke_at_users.sourceforge.net>* table relation-links feature- Maxime Delorme <delorme.maxime_at_free.fr>* PDF schema output, thanks also to Olivier Plathey for the"FPDF" library (see <a href="http://www.fpdf.org/">http://www.fpdf.org/</a>) and Steven Wittensfor the "UFPDF" library (see <a href="http://www.acko.net/node/56">http://www.acko.net/node/56</a>).- Olof Edlund <olof.edlund_at_upright.se>* SQL validator server- Ivan R. Lanin <ivanlanin_at_users.sourceforge.net>* phpMyAdmin logo (until June 2004)- Mike Cochrane <mike_at_graftonhall.co.nz>* blowfish library from the Horde project- Marcel Tschopp <ne0x_at_users.sourceforge.net>* mysqli support* many bugfixes and improvements- Michael Keck <mkkeck_at_users.sourceforge.net>* redesign for 2.6.0* phpMyAdmin sailboat logo (June 2004)- Mathias Landhäußer* Representation at conferences- Sebastian Mendel <cybot_tm_at_users.sourceforge.net>* interface improvements* various bugfixesAnd also to the following people who have contributed minor changes,enhancements, bugfixes or support for a new language since version 2.1.0:Bora Alioglu, Ricardo ?, Sven-Erik Andersen, Alessandro Astarita,Péter Bakondy, Borges Botelho, Olivier Bussier, Neil Darlow,Mats Engstrom, Ian Davidson, Laurent Dhima, Kristof Hamann, Thomas Kläger,Lubos Klokner, Martin Marconcini, Girish Nair, David Nordenberg, Andreas Pauley,Bernard M. Piller, Laurent Haas, "Sakamoto", Yuval Sarna,www.securereality.com.au, Alexis Soulard, Alvar Soome, Siu Sun, Peter Svec,Michael Tacelosky, Rachim Tamsjadi, Kositer Uros,Luís V., Martijn W. van der Lee,Algis Vainauskas, Daniel Villanueva, Vinay, Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams, Chee Wai,Jakub Wilk, Thomas Michael Winningham, Vilius Zigmantas, "Manuzhai".Original Credits of Version 2.1.0---------------------------------This work is based on Peter Kuppelwieser's MySQL-Webadmin. It was his ideato create a web-based interface to MySQL using PHP3. Although I have notused any of his source-code, there are some concepts I've borrowed fromhim. phpMyAdmin was created because Peter told me he wasn't going tofurther develop his (great) tool.Thanks go to- Amalesh Kempf <ak-lsml_at_living-source.com> who contributed thecode for the check when dropping a table or database. He also suggestedthat you should be able to specify the primary key on tbl_create.php3. Toversion 1.1.1 he contributed the ldi_*.php3-set (Import text-files) aswell as a bug-report. Plus many smaller improvements.- Jan Legenhausen <jan_at_nrw.net>: He made many of the changes thatwere introduced in 1.3.0 (including quite significant ones like theauthentication). For 1.4.1 he enhanced the table-dump feature. Plusbug-fixes and help.- Marc Delisle <DelislMa_at_CollegeSherbrooke.qc.ca> made phpMyAdminlanguage-independent by outsourcing the strings to a separate file. Healso contributed the French translation.- Alexandr Bravo <abravo_at_hq.admiral.ru> who contributedtbl_select.php3, a feature to display only some fields from a table.- Chris Jackson <chrisj_at_ctel.net> added support for MySQLfunctions in tbl_change.php3. He also added the"Query by Example" feature in 2.0.- Dave Walton <walton_at_nordicdms.com> added support for multipleservers and is a regular contributor for bug-fixes.- Gabriel Ash <ga244_at_is8.nyu.edu> contributed the random accessfeatures for 2.0.6.The following people have contributed minor changes, enhancements, bugfixesor support for a new language:Jim Kraai, Jordi Bruguera, Miquel Obrador, Geert Lund, Thomas Kleemann,Alexander Leidinger, Kiko Albiol, Daniel C. Chao, Pavel Piankov,Sascha Kettler, Joe Pruett, Renato Lins, Mark Kronsbein, Jannis Hermanns,G. Wieggers.And thanks to everyone else who sent me email with suggestions, bug-reportsand or just some feedback.</pre><a name="bottom"></a><br /><p align="right"><a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer" target="w3c"><img src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml10" alt="Valid XHTML 1.0!" border="0" height="31" width="88" /></a> <a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/" target="w3c"><img src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-css" alt="Valid CSS!" border="0" width="88" height="31" /></a></p></body></html>