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1 | 32 | kaklik | /***************************************************************************** |
2 | * |
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3 | * Simple SRAM Dynamic Memory Allocation |
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4 | * |
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5 | ***************************************************************************** |
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6 | * FileName: sralloc.c |
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7 | * Dependencies: |
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8 | * Processor: PIC18F with CAN |
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9 | * Compiler: C18 02.20.00 or higher |
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10 | * Linker: MPLINK 03.40.00 or higher |
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11 | * Company: Microchip Technology Incorporated |
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12 | * |
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13 | * Software License Agreement |
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14 | * |
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15 | * The software supplied herewith by Microchip Technology Incorporated |
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16 | * (the "Company") is intended and supplied to you, the Company's |
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17 | * customer, for use solely and exclusively with products manufactured |
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18 | * by the Company. |
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19 | * |
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20 | * The software is owned by the Company and/or its supplier, and is |
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21 | * protected under applicable copyright laws. All rights are reserved. |
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22 | * Any use in violation of the foregoing restrictions may subject the |
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23 | * user to criminal sanctions under applicable laws, as well as to |
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24 | * civil liability for the breach of the terms and conditions of this |
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25 | * license. |
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26 | * |
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27 | * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED IN AN "AS IS" CONDITION. NO WARRANTIES, |
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28 | * WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED |
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29 | * TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A |
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30 | * PARTICULAR PURPOSE APPLY TO THIS SOFTWARE. THE COMPANY SHALL NOT, |
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31 | * IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR |
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32 | * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, FOR ANY REASON WHATSOEVER. |
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33 | * |
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34 | * |
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35 | * This is a simple dynamic memory allocation module. The following are the |
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36 | * supported services: |
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37 | * |
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38 | * unsigned char * NEAR SRAMalloc(NEAR unsigned char nBytes) |
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39 | * void SRAMfree(unsigned char * NEAR pSRAM) |
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40 | * void SRAMInitHeap(void) |
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41 | * |
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42 | * This version of the dynamic memory allocation limits the segment size |
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43 | * to 126 bytes. This is specifically designed such to enable better |
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44 | * performance by limiting pointer manipulation. |
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45 | * |
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46 | * |
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47 | * How it works: |
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48 | * The model is based on a simple form of a linked list. A block of memory |
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49 | * refered to as the dynamic heap is split into segments. Each segment |
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50 | * has a single byte header that references the next segment in the list |
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51 | * as well as indicating whether the segment is allocated. Consiquently |
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52 | * the reference implicitly identifies the length of the segment. |
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53 | * |
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54 | * This method also enables the possibility of allowing a large number |
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55 | * of memory allocations. The maximum is limited by the defined heap size. |
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56 | * |
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57 | * SRAMalloc() is used to split or merge segments to be allocated. |
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58 | * SRAMfree() is used to release segments. |
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59 | * |
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60 | * Example: |
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61 | * ---------- |
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62 | * | 0x7F | 0x200 Header Seg1 |
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63 | * | | |
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64 | * | | |
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65 | * | | |
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66 | * | | |
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67 | * | | |
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68 | * | | |
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69 | * | 0x89 | 0x27F Header Seg2 (allocated) |
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70 | * | | |
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71 | * | | |
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72 | * | 0x77 | 0x288 Header Seg3 |
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73 | * | | |
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74 | * | | |
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75 | * | | |
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76 | * | | |
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77 | * | | |
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78 | * | | |
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79 | * | | |
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80 | * | 0x00 | 0x2FF Tail |
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81 | * ---------- |
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82 | * |
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83 | * |
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84 | * Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 |
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85 | * |
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86 | * Alloc ------------- reference to next Header -------------- |
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87 | * |
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88 | * |
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89 | * Recomendations: |
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90 | * Although this model will allow dynamic allocation down to a single byte, |
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91 | * doing so sacrifices performance. With more segments within the heap, more |
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92 | * time is required to attempt to allocate memory. Plus every segment requires |
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93 | * a header byte; therefore, smaller segments require more memory. There is |
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94 | * also the possibility of fragmentation, which could ultimately doom an |
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95 | * application by reducing the largest allocatable block of memory. Thus the |
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96 | * recomendation is to allocate at least 8 bytes of memory. |
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97 | * |
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98 | * |
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99 | * |
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100 | * Author Date Version Comment |
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101 | *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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102 | * Ross Fosler 05/25/03 v1.03 ... First release |
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103 | * |
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104 | *****************************************************************************/ |
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105 | |||
106 | // Summary: A macro used to enable nead-model RAM addressing |
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107 | // Description: By uncommenting the NEAR_MODEL macro, the user can enable near-model RAM addressing when using dynamic FSFILE object |
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108 | // allocation with PIC18 |
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109 | #define NEAR_MODEL |
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110 | |||
111 | // Summary: A macro used to define the heap size for PIC18 |
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112 | // Description: When using dynamic FSFILE object allocation with PIC18, the MAX_HEAP_SIZE will allow the user to specify the size |
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113 | // of the dynamic heap to use |
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114 | #define MAX_HEAP_SIZE 0x100 |
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115 | |||
116 | |||
117 | |||
118 | #if defined(NEAR_MODEL) |
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119 | // Summary: A macro used to specify the near-model action |
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120 | // Description: Functions can be declared using the NEAR macro. If the NEAR_MODEL macro is uncommented, the NEAR macro will be ignored. |
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121 | #define NEAR near |
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122 | #else |
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123 | #define NEAR |
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124 | #endif |
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125 | |||
126 | // Description: A macro used to determine the maximum size of a dynamic memory segment. |
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127 | #define _MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE 0x7F |
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128 | // Description: A macro used to determine the heap initialization size. |
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129 | #define _MAX_HEAP_SIZE MAX_HEAP_SIZE-1 |
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130 | |||
131 | |||
132 | |||
133 | // Summary: The segment header data type |
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134 | // Description: The SALLOC union allows the PIC18 dynamic memory allocation algorithm to perform bitwise accesses on segment headers. |
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135 | typedef union _SALLOC |
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136 | { |
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137 | unsigned char byte; |
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138 | struct _BITS |
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139 | { |
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140 | unsigned count:7; |
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141 | unsigned alloc:1; |
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142 | }bits; |
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143 | }SALLOC; |
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144 | |||
145 | |||
146 | |||
147 | |||
148 | |||
149 | /********************************************************************* |
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150 | * Reserve the memory heap |
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151 | ********************************************************************/ |
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152 | #pragma udata _SRAM_ALLOC_HEAP |
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153 | // Summary: The PIC18 dynamic memory heap |
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154 | // Description: The _uDynamicHeap array is used as a heap for PIC18 dynamic memory allocation. |
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155 | unsigned char _uDynamicHeap[MAX_HEAP_SIZE]; |
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156 | |||
157 | |||
158 | /********************************************************************* |
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159 | * Set the memory type |
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160 | ********************************************************************/ |
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161 | #if defined(NEAR_MODEL) |
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162 | #pragma udata access _SRAM_ALLOC |
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163 | #else |
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164 | #pragma udata _SRAM_ALLOC |
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165 | #endif |
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166 | |||
167 | |||
168 | |||
169 | /********************************************************************* |
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170 | * Private function declarations |
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171 | ********************************************************************/ |
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172 | NEAR unsigned char _SRAMmerge(SALLOC * NEAR pSegA); |
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173 | |||
174 | |||
175 | |||
176 | |||
177 | /********************************************************************* |
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178 | * Function: unsigned char * SRAMalloc(unsigned char length) |
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179 | * |
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180 | * PreCondition: A memory block must be allocated in the linker, |
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181 | * and the memory headers and tail must already be |
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182 | * set via the function SRAMInitHeap(). |
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183 | * |
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184 | * Input: unsigned char nBytes - Number of bytes to allocate. |
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185 | * |
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186 | * Output: unsigned char * - A pointer to the requested block |
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187 | * of memory. |
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188 | * |
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189 | * Side Effects: |
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190 | * |
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191 | * Overview: This functions allocates a chunk of memory from |
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192 | * the heap. The maximum segment size for this |
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193 | * version is 126 bytes. If the heap does not have |
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194 | * an available segment of sufficient size it will |
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195 | * attempt to create a segment; otherwise a NULL |
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196 | * pointer is returned. If allocation is succeessful |
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197 | * then a pointer to the requested block is returned. |
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198 | * |
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199 | * Note: The calling function must maintain the pointer |
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200 | * to correctly free memory at runtime. |
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201 | ********************************************************************/ |
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202 | unsigned char * NEAR SRAMalloc(NEAR unsigned char nBytes) |
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203 | { |
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204 | SALLOC * NEAR pHeap; |
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205 | SALLOC * NEAR temp; |
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206 | NEAR SALLOC segHeader; |
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207 | NEAR unsigned char segLen; |
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208 | |||
209 | // Do not allow allocation above the max minus one bytes |
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210 | if (nBytes > (_MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE - 1)) return (0); |
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211 | |||
212 | // Init the pointer to the heap |
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213 | pHeap = (SALLOC *)_uDynamicHeap; |
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214 | |||
215 | while (1) |
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216 | { |
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217 | // Get the header of the segment |
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218 | segHeader = *pHeap; |
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219 | |||
220 | // Extract the segment length from the segment |
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221 | segLen = segHeader.bits.count - 1; |
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222 | |||
223 | // A null segment indicates the end of the table |
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224 | if (segHeader.byte == 0) return (0); |
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225 | |||
226 | // If this segment is not allocated then attempt to allocate it |
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227 | if (!(segHeader.bits.alloc)) |
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228 | { |
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229 | // If the free segment is too small then attempt to merge |
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230 | if (nBytes > segLen) |
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231 | { |
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232 | // If the merge fails them move on to the next segment |
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233 | if (!(_SRAMmerge(pHeap))) pHeap += segHeader.bits.count; |
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234 | } |
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235 | else |
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236 | |||
237 | // If the segment length matches the request then allocate the |
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238 | // header and return the pointer |
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239 | if (nBytes == segLen) |
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240 | { |
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241 | // Allocate the segment |
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242 | (*pHeap).bits.alloc = 1; |
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243 | |||
244 | // Return the pointer to the caller |
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245 | return ((unsigned char *)(pHeap + 1)); |
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246 | } |
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247 | |||
248 | // Else create a new segment |
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249 | else |
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250 | { |
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251 | // Reset the header to point to a new segment |
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252 | (*pHeap).byte = nBytes + 0x81; |
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253 | |||
254 | // Remember the pointer to the first segment |
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255 | temp = pHeap + 1; |
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256 | |||
257 | // Point to the new segment |
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258 | pHeap += (nBytes + 1); |
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259 | |||
260 | // Insert the header for the new segment |
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261 | (*pHeap).byte = segLen - nBytes; |
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262 | |||
263 | // Return the pointer to the user |
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264 | return ((unsigned char *) temp); |
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265 | } |
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266 | } |
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267 | |||
268 | // else set the pointer to the next segment header in the heap |
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269 | else |
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270 | { |
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271 | pHeap += segHeader.bits.count; |
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272 | } |
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273 | } |
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274 | } |
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275 | |||
276 | |||
277 | |||
278 | /********************************************************************* |
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279 | * Function: void SRAMfree(unsigned char * pSRAM) |
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280 | * |
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281 | * PreCondition: The pointer must have been returned from a |
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282 | * previously allocation via SRAMalloc(). |
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283 | * |
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284 | * Input: unsigned char * pSRAM - pointer to the allocated |
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285 | * |
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286 | * Output: void |
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287 | * |
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288 | * Side Effects: |
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289 | * |
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290 | * Overview: This function de-allocates a previously allocated |
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291 | * segment of memory. |
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292 | * |
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293 | * Note: The pointer must be a valid pointer returned from |
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294 | * SRAMalloc(); otherwise, the segment may not be |
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295 | * successfully de-allocated, and the heap may be |
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296 | * corrupted. |
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297 | ********************************************************************/ |
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298 | void SRAMfree(unsigned char * NEAR pSRAM) |
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299 | { |
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300 | // Release the segment |
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301 | (*(SALLOC *)(pSRAM - 1)).bits.alloc = 0; |
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302 | } |
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303 | |||
304 | |||
305 | |||
306 | /********************************************************************* |
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307 | * Function: void SRAMInitHeap(void) |
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308 | * |
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309 | * PreCondition: |
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310 | * |
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311 | * Input: void |
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312 | * |
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313 | * Output: void |
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314 | * |
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315 | * Side Effects: |
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316 | * |
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317 | * Overview: This function initializes the dynamic heap. It |
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318 | * inserts segment headers to maximize segment space. |
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319 | * |
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320 | * Note: This function must be called at least one time. |
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321 | * And it could be called more times to reset the |
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322 | * heap. |
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323 | ********************************************************************/ |
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324 | void SRAMInitHeap(void) |
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325 | { |
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326 | unsigned char * NEAR pHeap; |
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327 | NEAR unsigned int count; |
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328 | |||
329 | pHeap = _uDynamicHeap; |
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330 | count = _MAX_HEAP_SIZE; |
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331 | |||
332 | while (1) |
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333 | { |
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334 | if (count > _MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE) |
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335 | { |
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336 | *pHeap = _MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE; |
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337 | pHeap += _MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE; |
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338 | count = count - _MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE; |
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339 | } |
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340 | else |
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341 | { |
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342 | *pHeap = count; |
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343 | *(pHeap + count) = 0; |
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344 | return; |
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345 | } |
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346 | } |
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347 | } |
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348 | |||
349 | |||
350 | |||
351 | |||
352 | /********************************************************************* |
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353 | * Function: unsigned char _SRAMmerge(SALLOC * NEAR pSegA) |
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354 | * |
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355 | * PreCondition: |
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356 | * |
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357 | * Input: SALLOC * NEAR pSegA - pointer to the first segment. |
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358 | * |
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359 | * Output: usnigned char - returns the length of the |
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360 | * merged segment or zero if failed to merge. |
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361 | * |
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362 | * Side Effects: |
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363 | * |
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364 | * Overview: This function tries to merge adjacent segments |
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365 | * that have not been allocated. The largest possible |
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366 | * segment is merged if possible. |
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367 | * |
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368 | * Note: |
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369 | ********************************************************************/ |
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370 | NEAR unsigned char _SRAMmerge(SALLOC * NEAR pSegA) |
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371 | { |
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372 | SALLOC * NEAR pSegB; |
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373 | NEAR SALLOC uSegA, uSegB, uSum; |
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374 | |||
375 | |||
376 | // Init the pointer to the heap |
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377 | pSegB = pSegA + (*pSegA).byte; |
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378 | |||
379 | // Extract the headers for faster processing |
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380 | uSegA = *pSegA; |
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381 | uSegB = *pSegB; |
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382 | |||
383 | // Quit if the tail has been found |
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384 | if (uSegB.byte == 0) return (0); |
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385 | |||
386 | // If either segment is allocated then do not merge |
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387 | if (uSegA.bits.alloc || uSegB.bits.alloc) return (0); |
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388 | |||
389 | // If the first segment is max then nothing to merge |
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390 | if (uSegA.bits.count == _MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE) return (0); |
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391 | |||
392 | // Get the sum of the two segments |
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393 | uSum.byte = uSegA.byte + uSegB.byte; |
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394 | |||
395 | |||
396 | // If the sum of the two segments are > than the largest segment |
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397 | // then create a new segment equal to the max segment size and |
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398 | // point to the next segments |
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399 | if ((uSum.byte) > _MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE) |
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400 | { |
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401 | (*pSegA).byte = _MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE; |
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402 | pSegA += _MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE; //(*pSeg1).byte; |
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403 | pSegB += uSegB.byte; //(*pSeg2).byte ; |
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404 | (*pSegA).byte = pSegB - pSegA; |
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405 | |||
406 | return (_MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE); |
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407 | } |
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408 | // Else combine the two segments into one segment and |
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409 | // do not adjust the pointers to the next segment |
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410 | else |
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411 | { |
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412 | return ((*pSegA).byte = uSum.byte); |
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413 | } |
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414 | } |
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415 | |||
416 | |||
417 |
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