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/*******************************************************************************************************
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Title : C include file for the HD44780U LCD library (lcd_io.c)
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Author: Chris efstathiou hendrix@otenet.gr
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Date: 1/Jul/2002
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Software: AVR-GCC with AVR-AS
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Target: any AVR device
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Comments: This software is FREE.
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DESCRIPTION
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Basic routines for interfacing a HD44780U-based text lcd display
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Based on Volker Oth's lcd library (http://members.xoom.com/volkeroth),
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Peter Fleury's work <pfleury@gmx.ch> http://jump.to/fleury .
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and the very good lcd page at www.myke.com
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With this driver you can select from 2 different I/O modes.
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1) MODE 6 - 6 or 7 pin I/O mode
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2) MODE 2 - 2 pin I/O mode with an additional 74LS174
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3) MODE 7 - multiple lcd unit mode
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MODE 6 INFORMATION
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mode 6 now needs only 6 pins as long the pins can function as output
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freeing two bits to be used as general i/o.
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R/W pin on the lcd must be connected to ground.
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Also the pins can be scattered all over the place (any pin in any port).
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( the other pins of the port(s) are not affected )
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Be carefull not to change the status of the E lcd pin by using the outp()
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command (both in PORT(X) and DDR(X) ) elsewhere in your program otherwise
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your program will crash and you will have a lot of fun for the whole family.
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Use sbi() and cbi() commands instead.
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MODE 7 INFORMATION
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mode 7 supports up to 3 lcd units and all the characteristics of mode 6
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except that lcd reading is not possible.
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The lcd diplays can be of different type.
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MODE 2 INFORMATION
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mode 2 uses only 2 pins in any combination you want as long the pin
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can function as output.
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You also need to make a very simple cirquit (really silly) with 74LS174.
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See the included JPG photo for the schematic.
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Also the pins can be scattered all over the place (any pin in any port).
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( the other pins of the port(s) are not affected )
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YOU MAY NOT! MULTIPLEX THE DATA AND CLOCK PINS WITH OTHER DEVICES
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The pins are automatically set as outputs when you call an lcd function
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Be carefull not to change the status of the CLOCK and DATA pins by using the outp()
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command (both in PORT(X) and DDR(X) ) elsewhere in your program otherwise
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your program will crash and you will have a lot of fun for the whole family (again!).
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Use sbi() and cbi() commands instead.
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MEMORY MAPPED MODE IS NOT SUPPORTED BY THIS DRIVER !!!
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CAUTION!!! FOR SLOW LCD UNITS INCREASE THE "LCD_DELAY_TIME" VALUE!!!
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The driver does not read anything back from the lcd because that way i only need 6
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I/O lines and furthermore i can use the output only port found in MEGA103.
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Since i dont read anything back, i just wait for commands to be executed
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so below i define the time to wait for the two categories of commands of HD44780 .
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The two CATEGORIES are:
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1) 2ms for clear screen and return home commands (nominal value=1,52 ms)
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and it is derived from "LCD_DELAY_TIME" .
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2) 50us for all other commands (nominal value=37 us)
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Even the slowest units will work reliably with LCD_DELAY_TIME=160.
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The Longer delay needed for CATEGORY 1 is calculated from the "LCD_DELAY_TIME" value.
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The specifications for HD44780 @ 270KHZ are 37 us for CATEGORY 2 and 1,52 ms for CATEGORY 1
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LCD MODULE INFORMATION!
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The maximum time required by each instruction for the slowest lcd units is
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4.1 msecs for clearing the display or moving the cursor/display to the "home position",
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160 usecs for all other commands. (i use 50 because i use good units)
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Usual HD44780 Pins connections
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1 = Ground
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2 = Vcc
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3 = Contrast Voltage
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4 = "R/S" _Instruction/Register Select
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5 = "R/W" _Read/Write LCD Registers (Connected to GND for this driver to work!)
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6 = "E" Clock
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7 - 14 = Data I/O Pins 0 to 7 (0=7, 1=8,... 7=14 )
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15 - GND for the BACKLIGHTING (Check to be sure because some units have it for VCC)
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16 - VCC for the BACKLIGHTING (Check to be sure because some units have it for GND)
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CONNECTION TABLE AS USED IN THIS lcd_io.h FILE
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|^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^|
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| port_pin0->lcd_D4_pin11 |
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| port_pin1->lcd_D5_pin12 |
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| port_pin2->lcd_D6_pin13 |
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| port_pin3->lcd_D7_pin14 |
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| port_pin4->lcd_RS_pin4 |
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| port_pin5->lcd_E_pin6 |
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| lcd_E_pin5->GND |
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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*******************************************************************************************************/
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#ifndef LCD_IO_H
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#define LCD_IO_H
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/*############################################################################################*/
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/* CONFIGURATION BLOCK STARTS HERE. Change these definitions to adapt setting */
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/*############################################################################################*/
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/* GLOBAL SETTINGS (settings described here are aplyied everywhere) */
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#ifndef F_CPU
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#define F_CPU 3686400L /* CPU CLOCK FREQUENCY */
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#endif
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#define LCD_IO_MODE 6 /* 6 = 6 PIN I/O, 2 = 2 PIN I/O, 7 = multi lcd mode */
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#define LCD_AUTO_LINE_FEED 0 /* 1 = Auto line feed, 0 = no Auto line feed */
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#define LCD_DELAY_TIME 100 /* Read the INTRO about this */
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/***********************************************************************************************/
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#if LCD_IO_MODE == 2
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/*
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CONFIGURATION OF BELOW LINES ONLY NECESSARY IN 2 PIN MODE
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If you plan to use just one port for all pins then just edit "LCD_PORT"
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otherwise you must specify the port of each lcd signal. the port(s) must be able
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to function as output. It can be any combination!
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USE CAPITAL LETTER FOR PORT DESIGNATION! (A,B,C,D...etc.)
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*/
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#define LCD_CHARS_PER_LINE 20 /* visible chars per lcd line */
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#define LCD_LINES 4 /* visible lines */
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#define LCD_PORT B
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#define LCD_CLOCK_SIGNAL_PORT LCD_PORT /* Put your lcd clock port here (A,B,C...etc.) */
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#define LCD_CLOCK_PIN 0 /* Put your lcd clock pin here */
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#define LCD_DATA_SIGNAL_PORT LCD_PORT /* Put your lcd data port here (A,B,C...etc.) */
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#define LCD_DATA_PIN 1 /* Put your lcd data pin here */
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#endif
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/***********************************************************************************************/
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/* END OF 2 PIN CONFIGURATION BLOCK */
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/***********************************************************************************************/
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#if LCD_IO_MODE == 6
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/*
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CONFIGURATION OF BELOW LINES ONLY NECESSARY IN MODE 6
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If you plan to use just one port for all pins then just edit "LCD_PORT"
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otherwise you must specify the port of each lcd signal. the port(s) must be able
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to function as output. It can be any combination!
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PUT YOUR LCD PORT LETTER HERE USING CAPITAL LETTER (A,B,C,D...etc)
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*/
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#define LCD_CHARS_PER_LINE 20 /* visible chars per lcd line */
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#define LCD_LINES 4 /* visible lines */
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#define LCD_MULTIPLEX_ENABLE 0 /* 1= the DDR's used are saved and restored */
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#define LCD_READ_REQUIRED 0 /* 0=use delay, 1=read busy flag (7 pins needed) */
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#define LCD_PORT B
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#define LCD_DATA4_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for data 0 pin */
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#define LCD_D4_PIN 0 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_DATA5_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for data 1 pin */
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#define LCD_D5_PIN 1 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_DATA6_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for data 2 pin */
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#define LCD_D6_PIN 2 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_DATA7_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for data 3 pin */
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#define LCD_D7_PIN 3 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_RS_SIGNAL_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for RS line */
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#define LCD_RS_PIN 4 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_E_SIGNAL_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for Enable line */
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#define LCD_E_PIN 5 /* AVR port pin number */
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/* YOU NEED TO EDIT "LCD_RW_SIGNAL_PORT" AND "LCD_RW_PIN" ONLY IF "LCD_READ_REQUIRED == 1" */
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#if LCD_READ_REQUIRED == 1
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#define LCD_RW_SIGNAL_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for R/W line */
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#define LCD_RW_PIN 6 /* AVR port pin number */
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#endif
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#endif
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/***********************************************************************************************/
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/* END OF 6 PIN CONFIGURATION BLOCK */
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/***********************************************************************************************/
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#if LCD_IO_MODE == 7
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/*
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CONFIGURATION OF BELOW LINES ONLY NECESSARY IN MODE 7
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If you plan to use just one port for all pins then just edit "LCD_PORT"
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otherwise you must specify the port of each lcd signal. the port(s) must be able
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to function as output. It can be any combination!
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PUT YOUR LCD PORT LETTER HERE USING CAPITAL LETTER (A,B,C,D...etc)
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*/
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#define NUMBER_OF_LCD_UNITS 2 /* 2 or 3. if you set it to 1, mode 6 will be selected */
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#define LCD_0_CHARS_PER_LINE 20 /* visible chars per lcd line */
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#define LCD_0_LINES 4 /* visible lines */
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#define LCD_1_CHARS_PER_LINE 20 /* visible chars per lcd line */
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#define LCD_1_LINES 4 /* visible lines */
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#if NUMBER_OF_LCD_UNITS >=3
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#define LCD_2_CHARS_PER_LINE 20 /* visible chars per lcd line */
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#define LCD_2_LINES 4 /* visible lines */
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#endif
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#define LCD_PORT B
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#define LCD_DATA4_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for data 0 pin */
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#define LCD_D4_PIN 0 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_DATA5_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for data 1 pin */
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#define LCD_D5_PIN 1 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_DATA6_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for data 2 pin */
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#define LCD_D6_PIN 2 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_DATA7_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for data 3 pin */
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#define LCD_D7_PIN 3 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_RS_SIGNAL_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for RS line */
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#define LCD_RS_PIN 4 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_0_E_SIGNAL_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for Enable line */
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#define LCD_0_E_PIN 5 /* AVR port pin number */
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#define LCD_1_E_SIGNAL_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for Enable line */
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#define LCD_1_E_PIN 6 /* AVR port pin number */
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/* EDIT THE BELOW LINES IF YOU USE 3 LCD UNITS */
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#if NUMBER_OF_LCD_UNITS >=3
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#define LCD_2_E_SIGNAL_PORT LCD_PORT /* port for Enable line */
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#define LCD_2_E_PIN 7 /* AVR port pin number */
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#endif
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#endif /* LCD_IO_MODE == 7 */
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/*############################################################################################*/
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/* CONFIGURATION BLOCK ENDS HERE. */
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/*############################################################################################*/
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/* you shouldn't need to change anything below this line */
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/* Some clever thinking triks */
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#if LCD_IO_MODE == 7 && NUMBER_OF_LCD_UNITS == 1
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#undef LCD_IO_MODE
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#define LCD_IO_MODE 6
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#define LCD_READ_REQUIRED 0
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#define LCD_E_SIGNAL_PORT LCD_0_E_SIGNAL_PORT
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#define LCD_E_PIN LCD_0_E_PIN
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#define LCD_CHARS_PER_LINE LCD_0_CHARS_PER_LINE
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#define LCD_LINES LCD_0_LINES
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#undef LCD_MULTIPLEX_ENABLE
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#define LCD_MULTIPLEX_ENABLE 0
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#undef LCD_READ_REQUIRED
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#define LCD_READ_REQUIRED 0
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#undef LCD_1_CHARS_PER_LINE
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#undef LCD_1_LINES
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#undef LCD_1_E_SIGNAL_PORT
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#undef LCD_1_E_PIN
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#elif LCD_IO_MODE == 7 && NUMBER_OF_LCD_UNITS > 1
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#define LCD_0 0
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#define LCD_1 1
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#define LCD_2 2
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#endif /* #if LCD_IO_MODE == 7 && NUMBER_OF_LCD_UNITS == 1 */
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/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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/* HD44780 PARAMETERS */
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/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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#define LCD_LINE_LENGTH 0x40 /* internal line length */
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#define LCD_START_LINE1 0x00 /* DDRAM address of first char of line 1 */
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#define LCD_START_LINE2 0x40 /* DDRAM address of first char of line 2 */
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#define LCD_START_LINE3 0x14 /* DDRAM address of first char of line 3 */
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#define LCD_START_LINE4 0x54 /* DDRAM address of first char of line 4 */
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/* instruction register bit positions */
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#define LCD_CLR 0 /* DB0: clear display */
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#define LCD_HOME 1 /* DB1: return to home position */
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#define LCD_ENTRY_MODE 2 /* DB2: set entry mode */
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#define LCD_ENTRY_INC 1 /* DB1: 1=increment, 0=decrement */
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#define LCD_ENTRY_SHIFT 0 /* DB2: 1=display shift on */
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#define LCD_ON 3 /* DB3: turn lcd/cursor on */
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#define LCD_ON_DISPLAY 2 /* DB2: turn display on */
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#define LCD_ON_CURSOR 1 /* DB1: turn cursor on */
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#define LCD_ON_BLINK 0 /* DB0: blinking cursor ? */
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#define LCD_MOVE 4 /* DB4: move cursor/display */
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#define LCD_MOVE_DISP 3 /* DB3: move display (0-> cursor) ? */
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#define LCD_MOVE_RIGHT 2 /* DB2: move right (0-> left) ? */
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#define LCD_FUNCTION 5 /* DB5: function set */
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#define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT 4 /* DB4: set 8BIT mode (0->4BIT mode) */
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#define LCD_FUNCTION_2LINES 3 /* DB3: two lines (0->one line) */
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#define LCD_FUNCTION_10DOTS 2 /* DB2: 5x10 font (0->5x7 font) */
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#define LCD_CGRAM 6 /* DB6: set CG RAM address */
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#define LCD_DDRAM 7 /* DB7: set DD RAM address */
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#define LCD_BUSY 7 /* DB7: LCD is busy */
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/* set entry mode: display shift on/off, dec/inc cursor move direction */
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#define LCD_ENTRY_DEC 0x04 /* display shift off, dec cursor move dir */
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#define LCD_ENTRY_DEC_SHIFT 0x05 /* display shift on, dec cursor move dir */
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#define LCD_ENTRY_INC_ 0x06 /* display shift off, inc cursor move dir */
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#define LCD_ENTRY_INC_SHIFT 0x07 /* display shift on, inc cursor move dir */
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/* display on/off, cursor on/off, blinking char at cursor position */
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#define LCD_DISP_OFF 0x08 /* display off */
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#define LCD_DISP_ON 0x0C /* display on, cursor off */
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#define LCD_DISP_ON_BLINK 0x0D /* display on, cursor off, blink char */
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314 |
#define LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR 0x0E /* display on, cursor on */
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315 |
#define LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR_BLINK 0x0F /* display on, cursor on, blink char */
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316 |
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317 |
/* move cursor/shift display */
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318 |
#define LCD_MOVE_CURSOR_LEFT 0x10 /* move cursor left (decrement) */
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319 |
#define LCD_MOVE_CURSOR_RIGHT 0x14 /* move cursor right (increment) */
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320 |
#define LCD_MOVE_DISP_LEFT 0x18 /* shift display left */
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321 |
#define LCD_MOVE_DISP_RIGHT 0x1C /* shift display right */
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322 |
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323 |
/* function set: set interface data length and number of display lines */
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324 |
#define LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE 0x20 /* 4-bit interface, single line, 5x7 dots */
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325 |
#define LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_2LINES 0x28 /* 4-bit interface, dual line, 5x7 dots */
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326 |
#define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE 0x30 /* 8-bit interface, single line, 5x7 dots */
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327 |
#define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_2LINES 0x38 /* 8-bit interface, dual line, 5x7 dots */
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328 |
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329 |
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330 |
#define LCD_MODE_DEFAULT ((1<<LCD_ENTRY_MODE) | (1<<LCD_ENTRY_INC) )
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331 |
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332 |
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333 |
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334 |
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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335 |
/* function prototypes */
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336 |
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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337 |
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338 |
extern void lcd_init(void);
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339 |
extern void lcd_command(unsigned char cmd);
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340 |
extern void lcd_gotoxy(unsigned char lcd_x, unsigned char lcd_y);
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341 |
extern void lcd_clrscr(void);
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342 |
extern void lcd_clrline(unsigned char line);
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343 |
extern void lcd_home(void);
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344 |
extern void lcd_putc(unsigned char c);
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345 |
extern void lcd_puts(const unsigned char *s);
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346 |
extern void lcd_puts_p(const unsigned char *progmem_s);
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347 |
extern void lcd_puts_e(unsigned char *eeprom_s);
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348 |
extern void lcd_puti(int value, unsigned char dot_position);
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349 |
extern unsigned int lcd_getxy(void);
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350 |
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351 |
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352 |
/*
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353 |
1) Suppose we want to display a 16 bit var with a rvalue 0f 325
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354 |
2) We give the command lcd_puti(var_name, 0); were var=325
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355 |
The display will show 325
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356 |
3) alternatives:
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357 |
a) We give the command lcd_puti(var_name,1);
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358 |
The display will show 32,5
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359 |
b) We give the command lcd_puti(var_name,2);
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360 |
The display will show 3,25
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361 |
c) We give the command lcd_puti(var_name,3);
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362 |
The display will show 0,325
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363 |
d) We give the command lcd_puti(var_name,4);
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364 |
The display will show 0,0325
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365 |
e) We give the command lcd_puti(var_name,1); var=-325
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366 |
The display will show -32,5
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367 |
f) We give the command lcd_puti(var_name,3); var=-325
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368 |
The display will show -0,325
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369 |
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370 |
*/
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371 |
/*
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372 |
** macros for automatically storing string constant in program memory
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373 |
*/
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374 |
#ifndef P
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|
375 |
#define P(s) ({static const char c[] __attribute__ ((progmem)) = s;c;})
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376 |
#endif
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|
377 |
#define lcd_puts_P(__s) lcd_puts_p(P(__s))
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378 |
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|
379 |
#endif //LCD_IO_H
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380 |
/*######################################################################################################*/
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|
381 |
/* T H E E N D */
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|
382 |
/*######################################################################################################*/
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383 |
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384 |
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